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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The research was studying about the influence of Teaching Practice Program on the career selection changes of student teachers of English Language
Education Study Program Students of Sanata Dharma University. The study also include the causes of the changes and the students’ opinion toward Teaching
Practice Program. In this chapter, the writer would discuss about the research methodology
used to conduct this research.
A. Research Method
This research was included into primary research, because it was based on primary or original data sources such as classroom observations of real students,
their scores, or their responses to a questionnaire. Brown, 2001 This research would be conducted using survey method. There were four 4
important characteristics of survey research based on Brown 2001: 1 It is primary research and therefore data-based; 2 It is based on interviews and
questionnaires; 3 It is distinct from qualitative research and statistical research; and 4 it is somehow sandwiched between qualitative and statistical research in
that survey research can draw on both qualitative and statistical techniques, and
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conversely in that qualitative and statistical techniques, and conversely in that qualitative and statistical research studies sometimes include survey techniques.
B. Research Participants
The participants of this research were from Microteaching class of English Language Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma University. Random
sampling occurred in this research. Each individual in the population have the equal chance of being selected. In this research the writer needed to monitor the
research participants from Microteaching class up to the end of Teaching Practice Program. Since this study was aimed to find the changes on students’ motivation,
therefore the writer had to compare students’ motivation before and after Teaching Practice Program. The monitoring process would continue starting from
Microteaching class up to Teaching Practice Program. Microteaching class consisted of 18 students from various academic years.
C. Research Instruments
In this research, the writer used survey in collecting the data. Surveys were any procedures used to gather and describe the characteristic, attitudes, views,
opinions, and so forth of students, teachers, administrators, or any other people who are important to a study. Surveys typically took the form of interviews,
questionnaire or both. There were some advantages using questionnaire and interview to collect
the data as shown in Table 3.1.
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Table. 3.1 Advantages of Questionnaire and Interview Brown, 2001 instrument advantages
Questionnaire Cheap and fast
Large-scale study Can be anonymous
Controls subconscious bias Control other sources of bias
Participant can do in own time Standardized across research participants
Can over wide geographic area
Interview High return rate
Fewer incomplete answer Can involve realia
Control environment Order of answering controlled
Other observations can be made Relatively flexible
Relatively personal Relatively rich data written and spoken
Can be relatively complex
In questionnaires, the questions were set in organized way. In this study, the writer used Likert questionnaire item. Likert scales named after their inventor
consist of a series of statements all of which are related to a particular target, and research participants are asked to indicate the extent to which they agree or
disagree with the items by marking one of the responses ranging from ‘strongly agree’ to ‘strongly disagree’. Dörnyei, 2001
In this research, the writer used questionnaire and interview. The purpose of using both instruments was to get more specific, accurate and reliable data. There
were two kinds of questionnaires that would be used in this research. The first questionnaire was for the research participants before they take
Teaching Practice Program. This questionnaire consisted of two sections. The first
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section consisted of ten 10 closed-response questions. The second section consisted of two 2 opened-response questions. In the first section, the research
participants were required to rate how strongly they agree with each statement written in the questionnaire. The research participants chose their answers by
putting a check mark D in the box provided according to their opinion. In the second section, the research participants were required to answer the questions
briefly by writing their answers in the space provided. The second questionnaire was for the research participants after they
enrolled in Teaching Practice Program. Similar with the first questionnaire, the second questionnaire consisted of two sections. The first section consisted of ten
10 closed-response questions, and the second section consisted of four 4 opened-response questions.
The second instrument was interview. Just like the questionnaire, the interview also occurred two times in this research. The first interview was carried
out before Teaching Practice Program. The first interview consisted of 6 questions dealing with students’ motivation before following Teaching Practice
Program. The writer would interview 5 five out of eighteen 18 research participants in the Microteaching class. Second interview was carried out after the
research participants following Teaching Practice Program. This interview consisted of seven 7 questions dealing with students’ motivation after following
Teaching Practice Program and asked students about their experience and thoughts on the program and their current teaching goals. Similar with the first
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interview, in the second interview the writer would interview the same research participants. There were five 5 participants from Microteaching class.
D. Data Gathering Technique
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