Misordering is the error in this sample. It is because the students used the wrong order of verb+ing. There must not be a gerund. It is
because a subject must be followed by a verb directly, not by a noun. This error might occur because the students do not understand the use of
gerund well.
4.2.4. Kinds of Errors in Using Gerund after Preposition
Gerunds must be used when verbs are put after preposition. Prepositions usually follow verbs, adjective, or noun. Verbs that are placed after preposition
must be in gerund form. There are 160 errors in using gerund after preposition made by the students. The errors consist of omission, addition, misinformation
and misordering error. 1.
Omission Error Omission is an error of leaving out an item that is required for an utterance to
be considered grammatical. There are 40 errors of omitting items in gerund after preposition found in data.
a. Omission of “ing”
Original Sentence Reconstruction
48. In her letter, my friend said
that she was looking forward to hear from me
again.
49. Julia is very pleased with
get the desired exam result.
In her letter, my friend said that she was looking forward to hearing from
me again. Julia is very pleased with getting the
desired exam result.
Related to the samples above, the students omitted ing of the verbs after preposition that must appear in those sentences. Thomson and
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Martinet 1969:159 states that when a verb is placed immediately after a preposition the gerund form must be used. I think the factor of the
students producing this error because of the students’ lack of knowledge to add ing form to the verbs if they are preceded by a preposition. They
do not understand the use of gerund after preposition well.
b. Omission of Consonant L
etter “t”
Original Sentence Reconstruction
50. Julia is very pleased with
geting the desired exam
result.
Julia is very pleased with getting the desired exam result.
Omission is the error in this sample. It is because the students omitted the consonant letter “t” in writing the verb+ing. The error occurs
because the students get interference in using double consonant letter to certain verbs if they get addition of ed or ing. The final single consonant
letter that stands after a short stressed vowel is doubled before adding ed or ing.
http:usefulenglish.ruwritingadding-endings-ed-ing-to-verbs ..
2. Addition Error
Addition error is the presence of an item which must not appear in a well- formed utterance. There are 36 addition error of gerund after preposisition
made by the students. a.
Addition of “ed”
Original Sentence Reconstruction
51.
You might get trouble for You might get trouble for faking an
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faked an illness to avoid
work.
illness to avoid work.
Related to the samples above, the type of error is addition error because the students added “ed” to the verb that must not appear.
“heared”, and “faked” must be “hearing”, and “faking”. Thomson and Martinet 1969:159 states that when a verb is placed immediately after a
preposition the gerund form must be used. This error might occur because the students do not understand the use of gerund after
preposition. b.
Addition of Apostrophe ‘s
Original Sentence Reconstruction
52. Julia is very pleased with
get’s the desired exam results.
Julia is very pleased with getting the desired exam results.
Related to the samples above, the student added apostrophe ‘s to the verb that must not appear in that sentence. Apostrophe ‘s is used to
show the possesion of a nounpronoun. The use of apostrophe ‘s in
“get” is not proper with the structure of the sentence because the verb “get” is used after a preposition. It must be in gerund form “getting”.
Thomson and Martinet 1969:159 states that when a verb is placed immediately after a preposition the gerund form must be used. I think the
reason of student producing this error because of the student’s lack of knowledge in using apostrophe and gerund after preposition.
3. Misinformation Error
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Misinformation error is characterized by the use of the wrong form of the morphemes or structure. There are 68 misinformation errors in using gerund
as subjective complement made by the students. a.
Misinformation of Verb+ing
Original Sentence Reconstruction
53. The activity of buy and
sell
like this is done in a very great frequency.
54. You can get different
sensation in shop. The activity of buying and selling
like this is done in a very great frequency.
You can get different sensation in shopping
.
Related to the samples above, the students failed using verb+ing because they used the wrong verb+ing form. They did not add suffix
“ing” to the verbs. The “ing” must appear because the verbs are preceded by preposition. Thomson and Martinet 1969:159 states that when a verb
is placed immediately after a preposition the gerund form must be used. This error might occur because of the students inability in using gerund
after preposition. b.
Misinformation of Past Irregular Verb.
Original Sentence Reconstruction
55.
They usually go to SUN for shopping after had
lunch. They usually go to SUN for shopping
after having
lunch.
Related to the samples above, the students used the wrong verb+ing form. They put past irregular verb after preposition that must
not appear in those sentences. Thomson and Martinet 1969:159 states that when a verb is placed immediately after a preposition the gerund
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form must be used. I think the students are confused using gerund after preposition so that they used the past irregular verbs after preposition.
4. Misordering Error
Misordering error is the incorrect placement of a morpheme or group of morphemes in an utterance. There are 16 misordering error in using gerund
after preposition.
a. Misordering of Verb+ing
Original Sentence Reconstruction
56.
We should spend our spare
time to shopping in the
mall.
57. You have to chosing and
bargaining
We should spend our spare time to
shop
in the mall.
You have to choose and bargain.
Related to the samples above, the students produced error because they put the verb+ing in wrong order. The verb+ing “shopping”,
“chosing” and “bargaining” must not appear in those sentences because the sentences mean expressing purpose. Thomson and Martinet
1969:150 states that the infinitive is used to express purpose. This error might occur because of the students’ lack of knowledge in using
infinitive and gerund. b.
Misordering of Preposition.
Original Sentence Reconstruction
58. If I want something I just
If I want something I just ask my
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ask my mom for buying it mom to buy it
Related to the sample above, the students put the preposition “for” and verb+ing in the wrong order. “For” is always followed by a
noun and “to” always followed by a verb. Because of the action of the sentence refers to one particular action. It means that it must use to
infinitive. Besides, the “ing” of the verb “buy” must be eliminated. I
think the students produced this error because they are confused of the use of preposition
“for” and to infinitive.
4.2.5. Kinds of Errors in Using Gerund after Possesive
