4.1.4 Difficulty Level
The difficulty level measurement was used to know the level of difficulties in the test items whether it was difficult, medium, or easy. The computation of the
difficulty level of item are easy it meant that the item was not too easy either difficult for the students to do. It could be seen that in Pre-test try-out test there
were 35 items test were P
≤ 0. 70, i
t meant that those were considered to medium, 9 items are P
≤ 1.00 items, it meant that those were considered to be easy, and the last there were 5 items
P ≤ 0.30
,
it meant that those were considered to be difficult. The complete analysis can be seen on appendix 12.
4.3 Research Findings
In this section, first, I would like to determine the different effectiveness of treatment given to both groups, which was reflected on the means gathered. and
then the next I would apply t-test formula to count the difference. The value of the
t-test is calculated by Microsoft excel.
There are two steps in computing the statistical analysis. First is calculating the mean scores of the experimental and the control groups, and applying the t-test
formula.
4.3.1 Significant Difference Between Two Means
For the first step, I would like to describe the average score of pre-test and post test of experimental group. The d
ata were obtained from the students‟ achievement score of the test. They were administered pre-test and post-test for
both experiment and control group. Here is the simple table to describe the result:
The average score for experimental group was 61.9 for pre-test and 83.9 as the post test. While the average score for control group was 62.2 for pre-test and 78.6
for post-test. The following was the simple table for the pre-test and post test students‟ average score. The difference between two mean of experimental group
was 20, and the control group was 16.4. The difference mean of the post test between the experimental and control group was 5.3.
From the description above, there was an improvement of s tudents‟
achievement in the test. Each group had different achievement. The achievement on experimental group was higher than the control group‟s. The result of the
students‟ achievement in pre test of experimental group can be seen in appendix 13 while the post test lies on appendix 15. Whereas the, the pre test of control
group lies on appendix 14 and post test on appendix 16. The following was the simple table for the pre-
test and post test students‟ average score.
61,9 62,2
83,9 78,6
10 20
30 40
50 60
70 80
90
Experimental Group Control Group
Pre test Post test
4.3.2 Test of Significance Using T-test
In this section, I would like to use t-test formula to know the significant difference of treatment given to both groups. It was done by getting the t-value, and then the
t-value obtained should be consulted to the critical value in t-table. I firstly decided the level of significance to be used on the experiment in the case that
decision making would be influenced by the result of the experiment before the experiment was conducted.
Best 1981: 271 suggested that for the subject which requires computation such as mathematics or physics the 1 α level of significance can be used,
whereas for the psychological and education circle is 5 α level of significance can be used as a standard for rejection of a null hypothesis. Since the study is
education consideration, the level of significance is 5. The number of the subject in this study was 70 students of both
experiment and control groups. Meanwhile, the degree of freedom df was 68 which was obtained from the computation formula Nx+Ny-2 = 35+35-2 = 68. At
the alpha 5 level of significant. Since there was no definite critical value in the table, it was necessary to find out the definite value using interpolation.
The critical value with the degree of freedom 68 at the 5 percent alpha level of significance was 1.669. The obtained t-value is 3.534; it means that t-
value is higher than the critical value 3.534 1.669. It can be concluded that the differences is statically significant
. Therefore, there is significant difference
between students taught using Course Review Horay technique and the students
taught without Course Review Horay technique was refused. The following was the computation of t-table:
t-table for 60 = 1.67 120 = 1.66
68 = ...? 60
− 68 68
− 120 =
1.67 − �
� − 1.66 � = 1.669
The t-value of the calculation was 5.534. It is higher than the t-table that was 1.669. So it can be concluded that the differences was significant.
The following was the computation of t-value: =
= 527,5
35 = 15,07
= =
764,5 35
= 21,84
2
=
2
−
2
= 10713 −
527,5
2
35
= 2.762,8
2
=
2
−
2
= 18.456,25 −
764,5
2
35
= 1.757,4
So the t-test computation:
� = −
2
+
2
+ − 2
1 +
1
� = 15,07
− 21,84 71.92 + 62.05
35 + 35 − 2
1 35
+ 1
35 � = 3.534
The post test mean score of the experiment group was 83.9 and the control group was 78.6 and the difference between the two means was 5.3. The t-test scores
show that it was 3.534 for the t t
table
. For the t=3. 534, for α=5 with df= 68, the
t
table
=1.669 be obtained. It was found that there was a mean score that increase differences between
the experimental and control group, where the mean score of the experimental group increase was higher than the control group. Since t t
table
, it means that the differences is significant. The computation showed that t = 3.534 1.669. The t
was higher than the t-table, therefore, it can be concluded that the differences was
significant.
4.4 Discussion
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