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4. Advantages of Semantic Mapping
Antonnaci, et al., 2011: 20 explain the advantages of using semantic mapping as follows:
a Helping to developh word knowledge;
b Helping to activate students’ prior knowledge;
c Helping to determine how much building knowledge is required;
d Helping to recall and organize information;
e Helping the teacher to assess the students’ comprehension of the text;
f Helping to encourage students to make personal or group connection to the
word.
5. Disadvantages of Semantic Mapping
In addition, this strategy has disadvantages for its use. The following are disadvantages of using semantic map according to Eppler 2006: 201:
a It is not easy to apply by beginner students; it requires extensive training. b It is difficult to find out the relation between the ideas.
c The overall pattern does not necessarily assist memorability.
C. Lecturing Strategy
1. Concept of Lecturing
A lecturing is probably the oldest teaching strategy and is still used widely used by many teachers in the classroom. A lecturing is an oral presentation
intended to present material or teach people about particular subject.
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Kelly 2012: 1 defines that lecturing is a teaching strategy where an instructor is the central focus of information transfer. Typically, an instructor or
teacher will stand before a class and present information for the students to learn. Sometimes, they will write on a board or use an overhead projector to provide
visuals for students. Students are expected to take notes while listening to the lecture. Usually, very little exchange occurs between the instructor and the
students during a lecturing. Westwood 2008: 18 states that lecturing is a valid strategy of teaching if
the main goal is to present key information to the students. Moreover, lecturing is appropriate in universities and the upper levels of secondary school.
Furthemore, according to Mckeachie, et al., 1994: 54, lecturing is particularly appropriate for helping students get up to date information on current
research and theories relevant to topics they are studying. Additionally, lecturing sometimes usefully summarize material scattered over a variety of printed
sources. Westwood 2008: 18 remarks that the main objection to lecturing is that
they imply the possibility of creating knowledge and understanding in students simply by talking at them. In fact, the formal lecturing is the classic example of a
transmission strategy. In short, lecturing strategy is the teacher-centered which focuses on
information transfer. It emphasizes on the teacher’s role in presenting information
by talking to students, while students are passive, they only receive the information from teacher’s presentation.
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2. Steps of Teaching Reading Using Lecturing
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