2. Interviews
The interviews were conducted to gain further information from the respondents. There were two kinds of interviews in this study: needs survey and
evaluation interviews. Hopefully, the results of the interviews could give the writer more complete and specific information that could not be gained through the
questionnaires.
E. Data Gathering Technique
The data from the needs survey, which was gathered through questionnaires and interviews, was collected from the advanced learners of English Conversation
Class at Quick Concept English Course Solo. The data collecting for needs survey was done from June 15, 2007 until June 17, 2007. The respondents were given the
questionnaires to answer. They were given two days to complete the questionnaires. After the questionnaires were collected, the writer conducted the interviews with
them. The evaluation questionnaires were given to the respondents to fill after the
designed materials were complete and read by the respondents. The questionnaires were distributed on January 7, 2008 and collected on January 14, 2008. After all the
questionnaires were gathered, the interviews connected with the evaluation were conducted.
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F. Data Analysis
There were two types of measurement used in this study. The first one was the measurement of quantitative data, which was data that was gained from the closed-
ended questions. The second one was the measurement of qualitative data, which was data that was gained from the open-ended questions.
1. The Quantitative Data
The strengths and the weaknesses of the designed materials were measured by using the central tendency. It consisted of mean, median, and
mode. However, for efficiency, the writer only used mean and mode in this study. Mean was used to asses the respondents’ opinions on the designed
materials, while mode was used to order the chosen topics and to discover the opinions chosen by the most respondents in evaluation questionnaires. A
range of points at scale from one to five was presented in the form of a table. The five points of agreement are explained in table 3.1.
Table 3.1. The Five Points of Agreement
Points of Agreement Meaning
1 Strongly disagree very bad
2 Disagreebad
3 Doubtful
4 Agreegood
5 Strongly agreevery good
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The Central Tendency is presented in table 3.2.
Table 3.2. The Central Tendency
No. Opinions
Central Tendency N
Mean Mode
Notes: N = Number of participants The mean is obtained by using the following formula:
= The sum of
=
Raw score
=
N N = The number of the cases
=
Mean
2. The Qualitative Data
Qualitative data was gathered from the respondents’ opinions and suggestions. Since the data could not be measured, it was presented in the
form of list of suggestions.
G. Research Procedures
In this study, the writer did several steps which were started from the preparation and ended by revising the designed materials. The description of
the steps can be seen as follows:
1. Preparation
In this step, after determining the topic, the goals, and the general purposes, the writer gathered literature review from books and articles which
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