Needs Survey Results Conducting Pre-design Survey

and structure were more interesting to learn 33. From the interviews, the writer could gain more information that they kept following the class because they felt that they had to. They did not hate English but they were not too enthusiastic to learn it. Therefore from their information, the writer was challenged to create as interesting and encouraging materials as possible in order to motivate them to learn more. The respondents had some different motivations in joining the class. More than half of them 58 wanted to gain knowledge connected with the topics given. Fifty per cent 50 of them had motivation to improve their language skills, especially in speaking skill. Fifty per cent 50 of them had purpose to gain improvement in their masteries of language elements. Forty two per cent 42 of them expected to improve their self-confidences in using English in real life. Finally, a quarter of them 25 expected to gain experience and amusement by joining the class. From the results, the writer summarized that the learners needed materials that could give them opportunities to develop their English skills and elements, to gain knowledge, experience and amusement and to improve their self-confidences to use English in real life. There were some different wants related to the class situation. The results show that fifty eight per cent 58 of them expected a relaxing class, fifty per cent 50 of them liked a convenient class, and a few of them 17 preferred a serious class. The rest of them 17 gave other answers. They expected a challenging and active class. From the respondents’ answers, the writer was challenged to design 47 materials that could create a relaxing and convenient situation but still serious, challenging, and active as well. The results of the questionnaires also gave the writer information about what kinds of learning styles the respondents preferred. There were fifty eight per cent of the respondents 58 who liked to learn in pairs. Half of them 50 chose to learn in small groups. Some of them 17 preferred to learn individually. The rest of them liked to learn in large groups 17. From the answers, the writer then decided to create materials that allowed the learners to do most activities in pairs and small groups. However, the learners would need to learn individually when doing some certain activities like reading and listening. They would also deal with large group activities in certain occasions like in games and debate. The results show that most of the respondents 67 preferred discussion and game. Forty two per cent 42 of them liked debate. Thirty three per cent 33 of them expected role-play and presentation. A quarter of them 25 chose interview. A few of them 8 wanted story telling. Therefore, the writer then included all the activities in the designed materials. The big portions were given to the activities that were chosen the most. Most of the respondents 67 preferred materials that consisted of text completed with illustration. Seventeen per cent 17 of them liked text with illustration and audio materials. Eight per cent 8 of them expected text. The rest of them wanted text with audio materials 8. The respondents, through the interviews, said that they would be more interested in following the class if the 48 materials were designed as attractive and communicative as possible. Most of them agreed that complete materials, those were text with illustration and audio materials, would be the best ones. From the results, the writer decided to design materials that consisted of text completed with both illustration and audio materials. The respondents in the questionnaires were also expected to choose the most interesting eight topics. The writer used the results as the reference to decide what topics to design later. The most chosen topics were “The Future” 92; “Technology, Information, and Communication” 92; “Interviews” 83; “The Social Issues” 75; “Problem Solving” 67; “The Most Impressive Experience” 58; “The Hottest News” 58; and “The Unique Customs” 50. After choosing the eight topics that became their favourites, the respondents were expected to order the topics from the easiest. To simplify the results analysis, the writer used Mode to determine the order of the topics. The order of the topics from the easiest according to the respondents was “The Most Impressive Experience”; “The Future”; “The Hottest News”; “The Unique Customs”; “Technology, Information, and Communication”; “The Social Issues; Interviews; and Problem Solving”.

2. Enumerating the Important Characteristics of the Learners

The writer continued the designing process by enumerating the important characteristics of the learners. She conducted informal observations while teaching them at the class. She also made use of the results of the needs survey to identify their 49 characteristics, needs, and wants deeper. From the observations and the needs survey results, it could be concluded that the learners mainly had similar characteristics that influenced the writer to design materials that were appropriate to them the most. They were senior high school and college students. They were about 14 until 25 years old. Since they had passed 55 meetings in the Basic and Intermediate Classes at Quick Concept English Course Solo, they had adequate mastery of English. They were interested in English materials that could encourage them to explore and improve their speaking skills.

3. Stating Goals, Topics, and General Purposes

After listing the important characteristics of the learners, the writer started stating goals, topics, and general purposes of the designed materials. The goals, topics, and general purposes were based on the results of the needs survey and the characteristics of the learners.

a. The Goals

The materials were mainly intended to give the learners opportunities to develop their speaking skills, although, considering the learners’ needs shown in the needs survey, the other language skills and elements should not have been neglected. By joining the class using the materials as the guidance, it was expected that the learners could improve their English skills, primarily speaking skill. 50