Karakteristik Variabel Sampel Penderita Diabetes Melitus tipe 2 Tes Distribusi Normal Variabel Pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe Korelasi HbA1c dengan Profil Lipid Pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus

LAMPIRAN 8 HASIL ANALISIS DATA

1. Karakteristik Variabel Sampel Penderita Diabetes Melitus tipe 2

Universitas Sumatera Utara Universitas Sumatera Utara

2. Tes Distribusi Normal Variabel Pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe

2

3. Korelasi HbA1c dengan Profil Lipid Pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus

Tipe 2 Universitas Sumatera Utara DAFTAR PUSTAKA Adam, J.M.F., 2009. Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit Dalam ed. 5, Jakarta: Interna Pubishing. Al-Alawi, Sulaiman A., Serum lipid profile and glycated hemoglobin status in Omani patients with type2 diabetes mellitus attending a primary care polyclinic. India: Biomedical Research; 25 2: 161-166 American Association of Clinical Endocrinologist, 2012. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists’ Guidlines for Management of Dyslipidemia and Prevention of Atherosclerosis. USA:American Association of Clinical Endocrinologist Guidlines. Avaible from: http:www.aace.comfileslipid- guidlines.pdf . [Accesed 30 May 2015] American Diabetes Association, 2012. Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Melitus, USA: American Diabetes Association. Association for Clinical Biochemistry and Diabetes United Kingdom, 2008. Standardisation of the Reference Method for the Measurement of HbA1c to Improve Diabetes Care, London: The Association for Clinical Biochemistry and Diabetes United Kingdom. Benuck, I., Gidding, S.S., and Donovan M., 1995. Year to Year Variability Pf Cholesterol Level in Pediatric Practice, Arch Pediatric AdolescMed. Davis, Tymothy E., Cull, Carole A., Holman, Rury R., 2001. Relationship Between Ethnicity and Glycemic Control, Lipid Profiles, and Blood Pressure During the 9 Years of Type 2 Diabetes, U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study. Universitas Sumatera Utara Guyton, Arthur, Hall, and John, E., 2013. Textbook of Medical Physiology Twelfth Edition, USA: McGraw-Hill Companies. Hendromartono, Tjokroprawiro, A., Sutjahjo, A., Pranoto, A., Murtiwi, S., Adi, S., dkk, 2007. Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit Dalam, Surabaya : Airlangga University Press. Longo, Fauci, et al., 2012.Harrisons ™Principles of Internal Medicine, USA: McGraw-Hill Companies. Mahato, R.M.,Gyawali, P., Raut, P.Psd., Regmi, P., Singh, K.Psd., Pandeya, D.R., Gyawali, P., 2011. Association Between Glycaemic Control and Serum Lipid Profile in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: Glycated Haemoglobin as a Dual Biomarker, Biomedical Research. Avaible from: http:www.researchgate.netprofilePrabin_Gyawali2publication215774283 _Association_between_glycaemic_control_and_serum_lipid_profile_in_type _2_diabetic_patients_Glycated_haemoglobin_as_a_dual_biomarkerlinks09e 41510cceea806a3000000.pdf [Accesed 1 May 2015] Meenu, J., Jayendrasinh, J.M., and Neeta, M., 2013. Correlation Between HbA1c Values and Lipid Profile in Type 2 Diabetes Melitus, International Journal of Basic and Applied Physiology. Available from : http:ijbap.webbly.comuploads1314131451279final_ijbap_2013_- _copy.pdf. [Accesed 1 May 2015] Nikitov, J., Iliev, R., Miteva, P., Koeva, K., and Gerenova, J., 2014. Parameters of Lipid Metabolism and Their Relations with Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetic Patients, Trakia Journal of Sciens. Available from : http:tru.uni- sz.bgtsjVol.201220S1a3.pdf. [Accesed 1 May 2015] Universitas Sumatera Utara Olokoba, Abdulfatai K., Obateru, Olusegun A., Olokoba, Lateefat B., 2012. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review of Current Trends, Oman Medical Journal Vol.27, No 4: 269-273. PERKENI, 2012. Konsensus Pengelolaan Dislipidemia di Indonesia, Jakarta: Pusat Penerbitan Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Fakultas Kedokteran UI PERKENI, 2011. Pengelolaan dan Pencegahan Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Indonesia, Jakarta: Perkumpulan Endokrinologi Indonesia. Prabhavathi P, Kirthana Kunikullaya U., Goturu, J., 2014.Glycosylated Haemoglobin HbA1c – A Marker OF Circulating Lipids in Types 2 Diabetic Patients, Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research Pujari, S.S., 2013. HbA1c as Marker of Dyslipidemia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients, Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciencs. Avaible from : http:saspublisher.comwp-contentuploads201312SJAMS16728-731.pdf [Accesed 30 May 2015] Samatha P, Prabodh, S., Chowdary NVS, and Shekhar, R., 2012. Glycated Hemoglobin and Serum Lipid Profile Associations in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients, Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences. Avaible from: http:www.jpbms.infoindex.php?option=com_docmantask=doc_download gid=436Itemid=48. [Accesed 1 May 2015] Sheikpour, R., Sadeghian, F., Porhoussein, F., and Rajabi, S., 2013. Correlation Between Glycated Hemoglobin, Serum Glucose and Serum Lipid Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Melitus,Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Obesity. Avaible from: http:ijdo.ssu.ac.irbrowse.php?a_id=121slc_lang=ensid=1ftxt=1. [Accesed 1 May 2015] Universitas Sumatera Utara Singh, G., and Kumar, A., 2011. Relationship Among HbA1c and Lipid Profile in Punajbi Type 2 Diabetic Population,Journal of Exercise Science and Physiotherapy. Avaible from: http:medind.nic.injaut11i2jaut11i2p99.pdf. [Accesed 1 May 2015] Suhartono, T., Darmono, Suhartono, T., Pemayun TGD, dan Padmomartono, F.S., 2007. Diabetes Melitus Ditinjau dari Berbagai Aspek Penyakit Dalam, Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro Sostroasmoro, S., dan Ismael, A., 2011. Dasar-dasar Metodologi Penelitian Klinis Edisi ke-4, Jakarta:CV.Sagung Seto Soewondo, S., dan Soegondo, S., dkk., 2005. Penatalaksanaan Diabetes Melitus, Jakarta:Penerbit FK UI. Universitas Sumatera Utara BAB 3 KERANGKA KONSEP DAN DEFINISI OPERASIONAL

3.1. Kerangka Konsep

Gambar 3.1. Kerangka konsep penelitian Dalam penelitian ini, yang menjadi variabel independen adalah kadar HbA1c yang tinggi dan variabel dependen adalah profil lipid.

3.2. Variabel dan Definisi Operasional

3.2.1. Variabel

Variabel – variabel yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini adalah kadar HbA1c, kadar kolesterol total, kadar LDL, kadar HDL, kadar trigliserida.

3.2.2. Definisi Operasional 1. HbA1c

a. Definisi Kadar glikohemoglobin dalam darah yang diukur melalui pemeriksaan laboratorium dan dicantumkan dalam rekam medik. b. Cara Ukur HbA1c dikelompokan menjadi :  Baik :kurang dari 6  Buruk : 6-9  Sangat Buruk :lebih dari 9 c. Alat Ukur Rekam Medik d. Hasil Ukur Dalam satuan  mgdl Diabetes Melitus tipe 2 Kadar HbA1c Dislipidemia Profil Lipid LDL, HDL, TG, TC Universitas Sumatera Utara e. Skala Pengukuran Ordinal

2. Profil Lipid A. Kolesterol Total