language exposure for learners’ successful achievement of the target language
acquisition. This argumentation upholds the previous opinion about the three stages of language learning based on input and output theory.
Moreover, there are also some useful and joyful techniques for teaching speaking according to some experts:
a. Discussion
Discussion is one of language teaching technique that emphasizes on giving language learners opportunity to practice communicating through the
target language. According to Ur, discussion considers as “the most natural and effective way for learners to practise talking freely in English is by
thinking some problem or situation together through verbal interchange of idea”.
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This statement shows that discussion is the most natural and effective learning activity for the language learners practicing their speaking skill. In
this activity they can share their idea orally and freely through communication activity which is at the same time learners also can get the opportunity for
practicing the target language. In Getting Students to Talk
Galebiowska defines discussion as “a communicative activity in which learners retain their own personalities and
views. Their task is to come to an agreement regarding an issue which is introduced by the teacher.”
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From that definition can be summed up that discussion is a kind of communicative activity that requires learners’ effort on
upholding their views and argumentations. In this activity learners usually will be asked to reach an agreement through communication activity depends on
the issue which is given by their teacher. Furthermore, based on Harmer’s argumentation discussion is a useful
activity to promote the fluent use of language. He adds that teacher should consider some important things before beginning the discussion such as giving
thinking time for each participant and giving each group enough time for
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Penny Ur, Discussion that Work, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007, p. 2.
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Aleksandra Colebiowska, Getting Students to Talk. Cambridge: The University Press, 1990, p. 5.
preparing their argumentation.
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From that statement can be concluded that discussion can be used as a language learning technique which promotes
language practice for learners. Before beginning the discussion teachers should prepare and encourage their learners to speak by giving them enough
time for thinking about the topic that will be discussed. In consequence, the three argumentations of the experts above show that
discussion is a kind of activity which prompts the language practice for the learners. In this activity learners will be asked to reach an agreement through
verbal communication and they also will be asked to share their opinion about the topic that will be discussed. Moreover, before using this technique for
communication practice in the class teachers should consider some necessary things to do such as giving some thinking time for learners before beginning
the discussion.
b. Problem Solving
