of the research was democratic validity, result validity, process validity, catalytic validity, and dialogic validity.
H. Research Validity and Reliability
Burns in Madya 2006: 37 -45 states that there are five validity criteria that can ensure data validity of action research. The five validity criteria are democratic
validity, outcome validity, process validity, catalytic validity, and dialogic validity. a.
Democratic Validity Burns in Madya 2006 : 38 states that democratic validity was related to
stakeholders’ chances to give their opinion, idea, and comment about the implication of the action research. In other to get democratic validity, the
researcher interviewes the stakeholders of MAN LAB UIN Yogyakarta head master, teachers, and students. In the interview, the stakeholders are given
chances to express their ideas, opinion, and attitudes toward the problems faced where the focus is to look for the solution of the problems. The
interview is conducted during the research runs. b.
Outcome Validity Outcome validity is related to the outcome achieved by the
researcher. The achievement of the outcome involved not only problem solving but also appearing new questions in the related research Burns, in
Madya 2006: 40. To get the outcome validity, the researcher puts back the problems at the X gade of MAN LAB UIN Yogyakarta in a scheme in order
to make new questions. The researcher does this when the researcher does the reflection in the end of the action.
c. Process Validity
Process validity meant that actions that are done in the research arebelievable Burns, in Madya 2006:40. To get the process validity, the
researcher collects the data by doing observation, and notes during the research runs. The researcher notes anything that happens in the teaching
learning process of grade X of MAN LAB UIN Yogyakarta. It means that during the research, the researcher observeses the participants of the research,
the researcher focusess her attention only on anything that could be caught by the researcher’s senses.
d. Catalytic Validity
The catalytic validity is related to how the stakeholders respond to the changes occurring to themselves. Burns, in madya, 2006: 43. The researcher
gets the catalytic validity through the cycle of the action plans, implementation and its observation, and reflection that are done at grade X of MAN LAB UIN
Yogyakarta. e.
Dialogic validity Dialogic validity means that the stakeholders could participate in the
process of the research.Burns, in Madya 2006 : 44. To get the dialogic validity, the researcher does the peer review in action research. It would mean
dialogue with practitioner peers, either through collaborative enquiry or reflective dialogue with “critical friends” or other practitioner researchers who
can act as “devil’s advocates”.To enhance the trustworthiness of the data and the subjectivity in analyzing the data, the researcher uses triangulation. Burns
states that triangulation is a way of arguing that if different methods of investigation produce the same result then the date is likely to be valid.
