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5. Grammar Translation Method
Grammar translation method is not a new method. It was often used in 19
th
century. However, this method can still be used in teaching learning process. Larsen-Freeman 2000: 11 explains, “By studying grammar of target language,
students would be more common with grammar of their native language in order to help students speak and write the native language.” Grammar translation
method is used to facilitate students to read and appreciate foreign language literature Tuck, 1998. There are some techniques of grammar translation method
according to Larsen-Freeman 2000: 19. They are: a. Translation of a Literary Passage
This technique is focused on grammar and vocabulary. Students translate a reading passage from another language into their own language. The translation
can be written or spoken. b. Reading Comprehension Questions
This technique often provides three groups of questions. The first group of questions asks the information that is contained in the reading passage. The
second group, students should really understand the aim of the reading passage because the students have to answer to the questions that have implicit meaning in
the reading passage. The last group asks students to connect the passage to their daily life context.
c. Antonyms or Synonyms In this technique, the teachers ask students or give exercises to find either
antonyms or synonyms in reading passage. It can help increase vocabulary.
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
22 d. Cognates
Students learn about cognates by learning spelling and they also memorize words which seem cognates but the meaning in target language is different from
the meaning in native language. e. Deductive Application
Grammar rules are offered by giving examples. If students understand the rule, they are asked to apply the rule to different examples.
f. The Use of Fill-in-the-Blanks Students are asked to fill the missing words in the blanks with new
vocabulary or a particular grammar type such as verb or preposition. g. Memorization
Students have to memorize lists of target language words and their equivalences in native language.
h. The Use of Words in Sentences Students make sentences and they should use new vocabulary. New
vocabulary is beneficial to be introduced in this technique. i. Composition
Students are asked to write a certain topic in the target language. They should compose writing in another language.
B. Theoretical Framework
Kategori