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Homosexuality. Other theories which are used in this study are theory of Trauma and theory of Human Needs. These theories function to analyze how the factors of
homosexuality caused Otoko’s homosexuality.
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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
A. Object of the Study
The object of this study is a novel of Yasunari Kawabata’s Beauty and Sadness. Yasunari Kawabata is the winner of the 1968 Nobel Prize for literature. He devoted
his novels largely to aspects of love. Beauty and Sadness was translated from the Japanese by Howard S. Hibbett and first published in 1975. This novel was his last
novel before he was found dead by his own hand with no suicide note on April 16, 1972. This novel contains of 138 pages and it divided into 8 chapters.
Throughout the story in Beauty and Sadness, Kawabata presents adultery, relationship with underage child, suicide attempt, suffering from psychological
problem, exploitation and lesbianism. In the novel, these ideas are explored by a woman, called Otoko. She passes some crucial experiences which changes her
personality to a lesbian. Adultery, relationship with underage child, suicide attempt, suffering from
psychological problem, exploitation and lesbianism are the major conflicts seen through the character of Otoko and later will be analyzed by the writer in this study.
Because of the complexity of the character and the situation she faced, this study will
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discuss the factors caused Otoko’s Homosexuality as seen in Yasunari Kawabata’s Beauty and Sadness.
B. Approach of the Study
In analyzing the problems happening to a person with a typical sort of personality, it is important to deal with the psychological aspect. Thus, it will be
necessary to apply psychological approach because it deals with the behavior pattern of the characters. In connection with this approach, Rohrberger and Woods state that
psychological approach is focused on psychological interpretation for enterancing the understanding and appreciation of literature 1971: 13. This study will apply the
approach to interpret the psychological aspect of the main character in the novel. Moreover, when talking about psychology, it is always in connection with a character.
A character involves behavior patterns, thoughts, and feelings. Therefore, in order to make a deeper understanding about a character, the writer find it best to study the
literary work from the psychological point of view because it is related to human’s behavior pattern which is affected by things surround him.
C. Method of Study
In doing this research, the writer used library research method. The writer also downloaded the books and sources which were not available in the library from the
internet. The collected data consisted of primary data and the secondary data. The
