M
D1
– M
D2
t
o
= SE
MD1
– SE
MD2 64
M
D1
= Mean of Difference of Experiment Class M
D2
= Mean of Difference of Controlled Class SE
MD1
= Standard Error of Experiment Class SE
MD2
= Standard Error of Controlled Class
B. Research Finding
1. The Description of Data
Here are the data descriptions taken from the students’ respond towards the tests.
Table 3.1 The Test Score of the Experiment Class 2 AK II
Students
Pre-test x Post-test y
D = y-x D
2
= y-x
2
1
53 60
7 49
2
54 78
24 576
3
49 82
33 1089
4
55 60
5 25
5
49 54
5 25
6
68 53
-15 225
7
59 62
3 9
8
58 60
2 4
9
53 58
5 25
10
68 55
-13 169
11
64 60
-4 16
12
58 72
14 196
13
64 59
-5 25
14
48 60
12 144
15
58 85
27 729
16
63 85
24 484
17
40 45
5 25
18
45 50
5 25
19
73 80
7 49
20
44 63
19 361
ΣD = 152 ΣD
2
= 4250
64
Sudijono, Pengantar Statistik …, p. 307.
Table 3.2 The Test Score of the Controlled Class 2 AK I
Students
Pre-test x Post-test y
D = y-x D
2
= y-x
2
1
49 53
4 16
2
59 57
-2 4
3
58 58
4
72 70
-2 4
5
44 43
-1 1
6
44 63
19 361
7
44 84
40 1600
8
59 64
5 25
9
54 59
5 25
10
49 59
10 100
11
35 36
1 1
12
74 75
1 1
13
73 75
2 4
14
78 84
6 36
15
64 58
-6 36
16
68 83
15 225
17
24 53
29 841
18
78 80
2 4
19
54 59
5 25
20
59 57
-2 4
ΣD = 131 ΣD
2
= 3313
2. The Analysis of Data
From the data descriptions above, the writer analyzed the score from experiment and controlled class by integrating the results into the
formula as follows:
a. Determining Mean of Difference of Experiment Class:
ΣD M
D1
= N
152 =
20
M
D1
= 7.60
b. Determining Mean of Difference of Controlled Class:
ΣD
Y
M
D2
= N
131 =
20 M
D2
= 6.55
c. Determining Deviation Standard of Difference of Experiment Class:
ΣD
2
ΣD
2
SD
D1
= - N
N 4250
152
2
= -
20 20
= 212.50 - 7.60
2
= 212.50 - 57.76
= 154.74
SD
D1
= 12.44 d.
Determining Deviation Standard of Difference of Controlled Class: ΣD
2
ΣD
2
SD
D2
= - N
N 3313
131
2
= -
20 20
= 165.65 - 6.55
2
= 165.65 - 42.90
= 122.75
SD
D2
= 11.08 e.
Determining Standard Error from Mean of Difference of Experiment Class:
SD
D
SE
MD1
= N – 1
12.44
= 20 – 1
12.44
= 19
12.44
= 4.36
SE
MD1
= 2.85
f. Determining Standard Error from Mean of Difference of Controlled
Class: SD
D
SE
MD2
= N – 1
11.08 =
20 – 1
11.08 =
19 11.08
= 4.36
SE
MD2
= 2.54
g. Determining t-observation t
o
: M
D1
– M
D2
t
o
= SE
MD1
– SE
MD2
7.60 – 6.55 =
2.85 – 2.54 1.05
= 0.31
t
o
= 3.38
h. Determining t-table t
t
in significant level 5 and 1 with Degree of Freedom df
df = N
1
+ N
2
– 2 = 20 + 20 – 2
= 40 – 2 = 38 see the table of “t” values at the degree of significance of 5
and 1 Because the value of 38 is not mentioned in the table, the
writer used the closest value to 38 is 40 as degree of freedom df:
t table t
t
at significance 5 = 2.02 t table t
t
at significance 1 = 2.71
5 = t
o
t
t
= 3.38 2.02 1 =
t
o
t
t
= 3.38 2.71
3. The Hypothesis Testing
The statistic hypothesis states: a
If t
o
t
t,
it means that the null hypothesis H
o
is rejected and the alternative hypothesis H
a
is accepted. Thus, there is significant difference in result of teaching passive voice of present progressive
tense between using Communicative Approach and Audio-Lingual Method.
b If t
o
t
t,
it means that the null hypothesis H
o
is accepted and the alternative hypothesis H
a
is rejected. Thus, there is no significant difference in result of teaching passive voice of present progressive
tense between using Communicative Approach and Audio-Lingual Method.
4. The Interpretation of data
In the simply resume, the result may be formulated as follows: t
o
t
t
= 3.38 2.02 in 5 t
o
t
t
= 3.38 2.71 in 1 Thus, t
o
t
t
= 2.02 3.38 2.71 The result of statistic calculation indicates that t
o
t
t
in 5 and 1 is significant, it means there is obvious difference between the
average of score from the results of learning in experiment class and the average of score from the result of learning in controlled class.
Based on the analysis of the results in the table above, it can be observed that teaching Passive Voice of Present Progressive Tense by
using Communicative Approach is more effective than by using Audio- Lingual Method. It simply illustrates that teaching by using
Communicative Approach may help the students to improve their ideas and they have a clear description about what have to be done in arranging
a sentence using Passive Voice of Present Progressive Tense. Furthermore, the final resume of the research that employs Communicative Approach is
that it has good impact particularly in teaching Passive Voice of Present Progressive Tense for the second year students of “SMK Islamiyah Ciputat
– Tangerang” as it is shown on Mean of Difference of both classes experiment class is 7.60 and controlled class is 6.55.
CHAPTER IV CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion
