The Understanding of Verbs

12 But there are some exceptions where the –y changes to –i, even though a vowel precedes the -y: for example the words lay, pay, say and mislay. Those words can not be added by –ed, because those words can be categorized as irregular verbs by removing the –y and then adding –id like lay, paid, mislaid and said. 14 e If the base ends in –c, the –c is not effect generally doubled as –ck even though the final syllable of the base is not stressed: Table 2.5 Simple Form of The Verb Past Tense Past Participle panic panicked panicked traffic trafficked trafficked picnic picnicked picnicked 2.b. Irregular Verb Irregular verbs are the verbs that do not from the past and the past participle by adding –d or –ed to the infinitive. 15 Irregular verbs occur when the simple past and past participle do not end in –ed. 16 There are some rules of change in irregular verbs, and irregular verbs may have three, four, five forms, depending on whether one form is used for two or three form types. 17 It can be clearly explained as follows: 1 With some irregular verbs, the simple past tense and simple past participle are the same as the base form: Table 2.6 Simple Form of The Verb Past Tense Past Participle hit hit hit cut cut cut put put put read read read spread spread spread 14 Sidney Greenbaum. loc. cit. 15 Brown, op. cit., p. 133. 16 Murphy. loc. cit. 17 Sidney Greenbaum, op, cit., p. 126. 13 2 With other irregular verbs, the simple past is the same as the past participle but different from the base form. a Verbs that have patterns like: Bring, and Brought Table 2.7 Simple Form of The Verb Past Tense Past Participle bring brought brought catch caught caught seek sought sought think thought thought teach taught taught buy bought bought b Verbs that have patterns like :Pay, and Paid Table 2.8 Simple Form of The Verb Past Tense Past Participle lay laid laid pay paid paid say said said c Verbs that have patterns like : Bend, and Bent Table 2.9 Simple Form of The Verb Past Tense Past Participle bend bent bent lend lent lent send sent sent spend spent spent d Verbs that have patterns like: Feed and Fed Table 2.10 Simple Form of The Verb Past Tense Past Participle bleed bled bled feel felt felt sleep slept slept sweep swept swept kneel knelt knelt