d. The organization of group work
Killen 2009: 173 suggests before implementing group, the teacher can start by pairing the students. That is a useful way to help learners to develop their
listening skills and their ability to express their ideas clearly and concisely. Once, when the teachers have selected an appropriate type of activity, then
the planning phase should include the followings seven “rules’ for implementing group work, as proposed by Brown 2001: 187.
1 Introduce the technique
2 Justify the use of small groups for the technique
3 Model the technique
4 Give explicit detailed instructions
5 Divide the class into groups.
6 Check for clarification
7 Set the task in motion.
B. Conceptual Framework
As discusses in the previous chapter, teaching activities is one of the most important elements affecting the English teaching and learning process including
in teaching speaking. The applications of appropriate teaching activities are very essential in determining the success of the English teaching and learning process.
In speaking, the appropriate activities can influence students’ performance. There are some characteristics of effective speaking class which should be
considered before applying particular teaching activities. One of them is
considering the fact that in speaking class students are expected to talk a lot, have high motivation, and actively participate in the class activity.
Group work is designed to be implemented in the English teaching and learning, including in speaking. The concept of group work which gives priority
to students’ involvement and cooperation during learning process give benefits for them to improve their learning motivation, confidence and social skills. Group
work can create an enjoyable learning atmosphere which can maximize the effectiveness of teaching learning process. Therefore, conducting group work can
be an appropriate activity to improve students’ speaking ability.
27
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODS
This chapter discusses the research methods that are used in this research. This chapter consists of the type of the research, the setting of the research, the
members of the research, the technique of data collection, the technique of data analysis, the validity and reliability of the data, and the procedure of the research.
A. Type of the Research
This research can be classified as action research. Action research is a kind of research in which the teacher can engage in, in order to improve some aspects
of their teaching or to evaluate the success or appropriateness of particular techniques or procedures Harmer: 2002.
The research was conducted based on the preliminary observations of the teaching and learning process, and the interviews done to the English teacher and
some students. The research was conducted collaboratively with the English teacher and the
students of VIII D at SMP N 2 Jetis. The procedures of the research consist of formulating the problems happened during the English teaching and learning,
planning the actions, implementing the actions, observing the implementation of the actions, and making reflections from the actions. The action research was
conducted following the steps proposed by Kemmis and Mc Taggart 1988 in Burns 1999.
Figure 1: The Action Research Cycles
B. Setting of the Research
1.
Place of the Research
The research was conducted in SMP N 2 Jetis which is located in Plembutan, Canden, Jetis , Bantul. This school was selected for the research
setting because the researcher was interested in solving the problems related to the teaching and learning process which were found in the school. The research was
conducted in class VIII D at SMP N 2 Jetis in the academic year of 20132014. 2.
Schedule of the Research
The research was done in the first semester in the academic year of 20132014. It was conducted from October to November 2013. In conducting the
research, the researcher followed the schedule of the English subject of Class VIII D in SMP N 2 Jetis because the research was conducted in this class.
3.
Learning setting
The English teaching and learning activities in class VIII D were carried out 3 times a week. The English class was held every Wednesday, Friday, and
Kategori