Auxiliary Swearing Types of Swear Words

47 occurrence of the swearing expressions. They are Psychological Motives PM, Social Motives SM, and Linguistic Motives LM. Basically, the interpretation of the categorization of the swearing expressions based on their reasons or motives to swear is very contextual. In addition, all swearing expressions tend to be emotive. Therefore, the classification of these reasons for swearing in this research gives priority to the most prominent motive that appears in each swearing expression. For instance, the swearing expressions, which can be considered to occur because of the psychological motives are the swearing expressions, which are uttered purely or very strongly because of psychological impulsion. It covers the urge of emotive feelings such as anger, shock, surprise, frustration, happiness, and joy without any disturbance of other motives like social and linguistic motives. Meanwhile, swearing expressions which occur because of social motives in this research are the swearing expressions which are influenced by social impulsions in the way they are being uttered. This social impulsions deal with someone‟s relationship with other people, covering the urge to show intimacy in friendship, to strengthen in-group identity, and even to show social distance or hatred towards others. Then, the occurrence of linguistic motives in this research covers swearing expressions which occur with the influence of linguistic motivations. Linguistic motivations include employing swearing expressions as certain way of speaking or only to emphasize something which is being talked about. Therefore, context has significant role in interpreting which motive the certain swearing expression belongs to. 48 In this novel, the psychological reason is the most frequently appeared type which are used by the main character because while she is swearing, it is always influenced by her feelings such anger, frustration, and happiness. Anderson in Karjalainen, 2002, p. 26 stated that psychological motives of swearing emphasize that swearing is used to release stress and express someone‟s feeling or emotion. In this case, the feelings such anger, frustration, and shock are included. In addition, each point of the three motives will be explained and discussed as follows.

a. Psychological Motives

The first motive that can be found in the Antologi Rasa novel is psychological motives. As stated by Andersson in Chapter II, psychological motives of swearing emphasize that swearing is used to release stress and express someone‟s feeling or emotion. It includes the feeling of joy, sorrow, surprise, shock, frustrated, and anger as cited in Karjalainen, 2002, p. 26. Some examples of the occurrence of this motive are explained below. Keara: “Oh, shiiit, Cosmopolitan-nya nendang gila.” Haris : “Slow down, Key.” Dialogue Page 78 In the dialogue between Keara and Haris, t he word „shit‟ is uttered by Keara in order to show that she feels amazed and shocked. In other words, the joy and happiness are the strong feeling that she wants to express. She likes having vacation as well in this cosmopolitan country, Singapore. The following monologue is another example of Psychological Motives PM: “But I can‟t help wondering, Rul, what is your weakness? Dengan aku dan bikiniku subuh-subuh begini sendirian di private beach ini, ini