Auxiliary Swearing Types of Swear Words
47 occurrence of the swearing expressions. They are Psychological Motives PM,
Social Motives SM, and Linguistic Motives LM. Basically, the interpretation of the categorization of the swearing
expressions based on their reasons or motives to swear is very contextual. In addition, all swearing expressions tend to be emotive. Therefore, the classification
of these reasons for swearing in this research gives priority to the most prominent motive that appears in each swearing expression. For instance, the swearing
expressions, which can be considered to occur because of the psychological motives are the swearing expressions, which are uttered purely or very strongly
because of psychological impulsion. It covers the urge of emotive feelings such as anger, shock, surprise, frustration, happiness, and joy without any disturbance of
other motives like social and linguistic motives. Meanwhile, swearing expressions which occur because of social motives
in this research are the swearing expressions which are influenced by social impulsions in the way they are being uttered. This social impulsions deal with
someone‟s relationship with other people, covering the urge to show intimacy in friendship, to strengthen in-group identity, and even to show social distance or
hatred towards others. Then, the occurrence of linguistic motives in this research covers swearing expressions which occur with the influence of linguistic
motivations. Linguistic motivations include employing swearing expressions as certain way of speaking or only to emphasize something which is being talked
about. Therefore, context has significant role in interpreting which motive the certain swearing expression belongs to.
48 In this novel, the psychological reason is the most frequently appeared
type which are used by the main character because while she is swearing, it is always influenced by her feelings such anger, frustration, and happiness.
Anderson in Karjalainen, 2002, p. 26 stated that psychological motives of swearing emphasize that swearing is
used to release stress and express someone‟s feeling or emotion. In this case, the feelings such anger, frustration, and shock are
included. In addition, each point of the three motives will be explained and discussed as follows.