Background of the Study

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1. Character

Character is a person presented in a dramatic or narrative work, who is interpreted by the reader as being endowed with moral, dispositional, and emotional qualities that are expressed in what he says – the dialogue – and by what he does – the action Abrams, 1985, p. 23. In this study, the character refers to Suwen as one of the characters which is going to be discussed and analysed.

2. Characterisation

According to Henkle 1977, characterisation is a method by which an author creates, reveals, and develops the changes so that the readers may imagine what kind of a character is in the literary works. Furthermore, characterisation helps the readers to know and understand what kind of the character is. Therefore, how Suwen is characterised in the novel is going to be discussed in this study.

3. Motivation

Abrams 1985 suggests that the grounds in the characters’ temperament, desires, and moral nature for their speech and action are called their motivation. Meanwhile according to Petri 1981, motivation is a concept we use when we describe the forces acting on or within an organism to initiate and direct behaviour. Motivation can be influenced by external motivational stimuli and internal motivational factors Petri, 1981. Moreover, motivation may come from the past life of an individual which makes him feel traumatic or not.

4. Virginity

Carpenter 2005 defines virginity as a state of never having had a sexual intercourse or a state of being unmarried. In addition, she also has differentiated 6 three meanings of virginity by interviewing some women and men. The first meaning of virginity is a gift. It means that a woman gives her virginity to her lover as a gift. The second meaning of virginity is a shameful stigma to be lost in the first opportunity. In addition, virginity is also defined as a part of knowledge and sexual activity. In this study, the definition of virginity refers to Suwen’s action in avoiding doing the sexual intercourse with any men. In other words, virginity means awoman who remains unmarried during her life. 7

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter consists of two main sections, namely the review of related theories and theoretical framework. In the review of related theories, the researcher reviews the theories related to the study and directly relevant with the study. The last part is the theoretical framework which describes the steps in analysing the study.

A. Review of Related Theories

Some theories which are used in this study to answer the problem formulations which become the focus of this study.

1. Psychological Approach

The psychological approach is an approach which is used to explain the characters behaviour as seen in the novel Rohrberger, 1952. The explanation of the characters behaviour is seen from the psychology side to make the readers understand the characters easily. In addition, this approach has a relation with the literary works because some literary works deal with the issue of psychology. Psychoanalysis is a branch of psychology which deals with unconscious mind. Furthermore, unconsciousness is an area in which an individual hides and represses his deepest fears and desires beyond his consciousness Barry, 2009. Psychoanalysis was firstly introduced and developed by Freud, an Austrian