organizational sense. Sometimes the meaning of organizational is left implicit, so that we know the meaning of organizational contextual implicit.
Implicit organizational meanings can be divided into three-sentence formation, namely: elliptical sentences, passive sentences and the use of substitute
words in a sentence Larson.
16
Ellipsis is the removal element of the sentence, even though the structure of ellipsis sentence remains in compliance with the rules
applicable sentence patterns. In the passive sentence is often the perpetrators of these can be made implicit, it is because the subject in the passive voice is not the
point. The use of substitute words in a sentence is usually due to avoid repetition or redundant. All three formations are caused organizational implicit meaning.
Although in the sentence structure is incomplete, but the meaning still easy understanding.
3. Implicit Situational Meaning
Information which is left implicit when talking to one person might be made explicit when talking to one person might be made explicit when talking to
another. A woman might say to her husband, “Peter is sick.” In reporting the same information to the doctor she would say, “My son Peter is sick,” or “My son
is sick.” The information my son was not needed to identify Peter when taking to
her husband who knew very well who Peter was.
17
Often in normal conversation, there is much which is going on in the situation which makes it possible to understand exactly what is meant without
16
Mildred L. Larson 1984,op.cit.P.41
17
Ibid, p.41
using many words. For example, a mother, seeing her child about to put his hand in the fire, cries out, “No” the child understands the message, “Don’t put your
hand in the fire” all of this information is carried by one word, “No,” because the situation. In a different situation “No” might mean something very different, as
when used to answer the question, “Did you go to town today?” in that case, the implied information is not found in the situation but in the question which had
been asked; that is, in the linguistic context. It is quite possible for a person from one culture to read a story written
about a happening in another culture and not understand the story at all because so much information is left implicit. For example, Richards 1979 working with
speakers of Waura Brazil, was attempting to translate one of their stories into Portuguese. But she found it very difficult because the text itself did not identify
the various participants in the story. The storyteller had not made this information explicit because everyone in the culture knew who did what at the festival he was
describing. The language structure did not make it necessary to include this information, and since the common culture supplied it to his audience, it was left
implicit. However, a translation into Portuguese required that the information be made explicit if the story was to be understood. In order to adequately determine
the meaning of the text, one must know the situational setting of the communication.
According to Larson meaning can be affected by such things as: the relationship between the speakers and responders, cultural background, where
the application of the communication process, the timing of speech, age and
gender, social situation speakers and responders, presumptions arise in this situation gesture to communicate and which occurred during the communication
process . Elements as mentioned above is very influential in determining the
meaning, because thats the things outside of language also plays an important role in determining the implicit situational meaning.
Of the many factors that influence the emergence of implicit situational meaning in the discussion of this thesis it will be restricted to four categories,
namely: implicit situational meaning arising from differences in cultural factors, situational meaning arising implicit gesture that occurs during speech , meaning
implicit situational happened because the time and place of speech, and the last is implicit situational meaning arising from the existence of certain relationships
between the speakers and responders.
18
1. Implicit Situational Meaning Caused by Culture factors A text may not be understood by people who do not know the cultural
background in which speakers because there are so many situational meaning left implicitly. If speakers and responders have the cultural background of the same
then there would be many terms associated with a culture that is left implicit. This is caused by the knowledge that has been shared.
Implicit situational meaning caused by cultural factors stumbling block will be large enough if the responder has a cultural background very different
from the speakers. Therefore, the implicit meaning of this translation should be
18
Ibid, p.457
made explicit so that messages can be transmitted speakers well, except if the term used is familiar to responders. For more details see the following examples:
I really really love Jodie Foster in The Silence of the Lambs. The Silence of the Lambs
is a movie that is well-known in America and Jodie Foster
is the leading female artist film. For those who do not know Jodie Foster
or The Silence of the Lambs, the sentence above does not mean anything even tend to confuse. But for most Indonesian people are familiar with American
films in the top line has been quite clear, because they know that Jodie Foster was a leading female artist and The Silence of the Lambs is one of her film.
2. Implicit Situational Meaning Caused by The Speech Signal Movement Sometimes a new word or sentence can be understood best when
supported by the gesture made speakers during speech occurs. This is what lies behind the implicit meaning caused by the gesture. For more details can be seen in
the following examples: James pointed to his car and said, Get in. Ill drive you home.
From the example sentences above appear in the first sentence there is a movement made by speakers, the movement pointed to the car. Through this
movement, more clearly that what is meant by the word get in the next sentence is get in my car
.
3. Implicit Situational Meaning Caused by Time and Place The occurrence Communication
Sometimes a new sentence can be understood its meaning when linked with other terms brought by place or time at the time of the speech. For example,
the word masuk can have various meanings depending on the pronunciation. In the classroom can mean the word in attendance, whereas the same word can mean
di dalam garis at playing badminton in the field.
Time communication can also cause an implicit meaning. For example, if a child went home before midnight parents would probably say why you not just
go home in the morning? And of course parents do not mean like that. There is an
implicit meanings contained in the statement that could have been a plea that her son could come home early or even insinuations about the return of the child who
was too late.
4. Implicit Situation Meaning Caused by The Relations Between Speaker and Responder
The relationship between the speakers and responders are affecting the meaning of the sentence. The existence of certain relationships between the
speakers and responders can cause a sense of purpose that will left implicitly, for example Budi will say to his classmate, Mr. Iwan is not attending to the class
today because of the responders have to know that what is meant by Mr. Iwan is
their science teacher. When Budi want to talk about the same person to his
mother, maybe hell say Mr. Iwan, our science teacher, is not attending to the class today.
Meaning contained in a text can be classified into different types, one of which is the implicit meaning. The nature of the implicit meanings that are not
shown to make its existence is sometimes difficult to be seen and understood in passing. However, the implicit meaning is part of the text so that its role in
maintaining the unity and integrity of the text is not less important than other components of meaning.
C. Translation
