adolescent students learn to write well Graham and Perin,2007:4. The principles are writing strategies, incorporate specific goals, incorporate the
study of models, using collaborative writing, using inquiry activities in writing for content learning, and following a process writing approach.
From the previous statement,inquiry activities may be considered as one of the methods to help students in learning to write, solving the
question from the teacher and finding new knowledge from their investigation.
Perin and Graham 2007:27 also that state inquiry is the way to teach writing in junior high school. It is supported by Simon 2009: that
applied inquiry-based learning strategy in his teaching writing in junior high school. He makes some rules, such as giving brainstorming for his
students, then asking them to make some groups and asking them to answer the question from the teacher. While the students solve it by
discussing and changing their ideas to reach the result based on their investigation
4. Narrative Text a.
Definition of Narrative Text
A narrative tells a story by representing a sequence of events. A good written story lets the reader response to some event in the writer’s
life as if it were own. They not only understand the event, but they can almost feel it. The action, details, and dialog put the reader in these seem
and make it happen for them. As stated by Mayer 2005:52 that narrative is one of the powerful ways of communicating with others.
The narrative text type tells a story. Its purpose is to present a view of the world that entertains or informs the reader or listener Mark and
Kathy, 1998:6. Another purpose are, other than providing entertainment, to make the audience think about an issue, teach them a lesson, or excite
their emotions. Parera 1993:5 had opinion that a narrative was one of the forms
of developing writing, for example characters told the history of something based on the development of writing from time to time.
Narrative is kind of genre which has social function to amuse, entertain and to deal with actual or vicarious experience in different ways.
Narrative deal with problematic event lead to a crisis or turning point of some kind in turn finds a resolution. Based on competency –based
curriculum 2004, the aim of narrative is to entertain and amuse the listener and reader with the real experience or fancy.
From the definition above it can be concluded that narrative story is a story tells about something interesting that has purpose to amuse,
entertain or the readers.
b. Generic Structure of Narrative Text
Neo 2005:2 states that a narrative has a structure, a shape or a pattern. It can be represented graphically in this way.
climax
Rising action Falling action
Exposition Resolution
Figure 2 . The Freitag Triangle
The idea of the Freitag triangle is to serve as a kind of blue print or map which can be used to guide us systematically in our writing. The Freitag
triangle consists of: a. The exposition, it establishes the characters and situation.
b. Rising action, it refers to series of complication leads to the climax. c. The climax is the critical moment when problem conflicts demand
something to be done about them. d. Falling action is the moment away from the highest peak of
excitement. e. The resolution consists of the result or outcome.
Neo,2005:2 On the other hand, Anderson 1997:8 states that the steps for
constructing a narrative are: a. Orientation exposition
The readers are introduced to the main characters and possibly some minor characters. Some indication is generally given of where the action
is located and when it is taking place.
