Conflict Definition of Term 1. Interpersonal

9 into two sections. The first section is direct mean which can bee seen from the character physical appearance. The second section, dramatic means, shown by the situation where the character is involved, how the character behaves, and how the character speaks. Murphy 1972 then adds that there are nine ways to understand characterization: 1 A characterization can be seen by its personal description where the author of the novel gives picture of someone form it’s way of appearing and what the character is wearing. In short, the author describes a character by its appearances and clothes. 2 A characterization of a character can be described trough the eyes and opinions of another. Instead of describing a character directly the author gives a reflected image. 3 Characterization also can be seen from it’s speech. In this part, the author usually gives the image from the way the character speaks. Whenever a character speaks, whenever the character is in conversation with another, whenever the character puts forward an opinion, the character gives the reader some clues to his character. 4 Past life also become one of the way for an author to make a characterization. From past life the author can give the reader a clue to events that have helped to shape a characterization of a character. 5 A conversation of other characters and the things that other characters describe about others characterization also included as one of the way to understand character’s characterization. When other characters talk PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 10 about a character, the things that the other characters say often give the reader clue to a character’s characterization. 6 Reaction is a clue to a characterization by letting the reader understand how the character reacts to various situations and events. sometimes helps the character to reveal its characterization from how it react towards something that happen. 7 The easiest way to make characterization of a character is by the author simply mention the characterization directly in their novel. 8 Characterization also comes from the way they think. 9 The last way is mannerism, where the reader can analyze the character from its habit or mode of behavior pp. 161- 173.

2. Psychological Approach

Literature is not something that can be analyzed by counting the data or using an interview - it’s not possible because sometimes the researcher of a particular literature had passed away. The researcher finds that there are several approaches that can be used to analyze literary work. One of them is called Critical Approach from Rohberger and Woods 1971. Critical approach has several branches of its own. Rohberger and Woods elaborate critical approach into five other approaches. Those are formalist approach, biographical approach, sociocultural-historical approach, mythopoeic approach, and psychological approach p. 3-15. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI