Violation of manner maxim

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CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

This chapter is the last chapter of this research. After the researcher explored the discussions of the research findings which focus on the explanations of positive politeness strategies and maxim violating used in Carnage movie, then some conclusions and suggestions for some parties are made below.

A. Conclusions

Based on the research findings and discussions, the result of this research shows two important points as follows. 1. Related to the application of positive politeness strategies in Carnage movie, the findings show that all the positive politeness strategies can be found in the characters’ utterances, except the strategy of asserting reciprocal exchange or tit for tat. The researcher found out that there are 67 data on the dialogue of the movie which contain positive politeness strategies. In this research, the percentage of noticing, attending to H herhis interests, wants, needs, goods, etc. strategy is 16.42. It means that it happens 11 times and is noted as the highest rank. Meanwhile, the strategies of asserting or presupposing knowledge of and concerning for hearer’s wants; and giving or asking for reasons are in the lowest rank. Both of them only occur once and have the smallest percentage that is 1.49. 2. Related to the discussion of the violation of cooperative principle in expressing positive politeness strategies, this research applies 3 types of maxim violating out of 4 types. They are violating the maxim of quality, violating the maxim of relation and violating the maxim of manner. Based on the data, violating the maxim of relation is on the first position because the characters mainly respond in a way which is considered irrelevant in answering some questions. Besides, it also happens because they change the topic of the conversation. The second position is violating the maxim of quality. In this case, the characters violate the maxim of quality because they tend to give untrue information and try to tell a lie. Meanwhile, violating the maxim of manner reaches the lowest rank because the characters mainly respond in a way which is considered as ambiguous answers in answering some questions. In fact, in many cases they are not being brief in giving information when the conversation takes place.

B. Suggestions

In reference to the above findings, there are three suggestions that are considered by the researcher after conducting this research. The suggestions are as follows. 1. The readers The readers can use this research as a reference to add their knowledge in using language to communicate with others. To conduct a harmonious communication, they should choose correct strategies that can be accepted by the interlocutors. Moreover, the use of correct strategies can maintain a good relationship between both interlocutors. It shows that the politeness strategies have an important role in communication. The strategies of politeness which are discussed in this thesis are positive politeness strategies. Hence, the readers can learn about how to safe the hearer’s positive face, that is the need to be accepted and liked by others. 2. The Linguistics students As an English student majoring in linguistics, it is important to consider the language use, especially English language in practice. It is influenced by the context around it. By reading this research, it is expected that the students will learn more about the study of language under pragmatic approach. The students are supposed to learn pragmatics seriously. It is very important because pragmatics is a study which learns about the meaning behind a sentence. 3. The other researchers The weakness of this research is the lack of data which are used to analyze the problems of research since the researcher took the data only from a movie. Hence, the results of the analysis are also limited. It is recommended for the other researchers, especially for those who are interested in analyzing the same topic to collect more data. REFERENCES

A. Printed Sources

Archer, Dawn. 2012. Pragmatics. New York: Routledge. Brown, Penelope and Stephen, C. Levinson. 1987. Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Cutting, Joan. 2002. Pragmatics and Discourse: A research book for students. London: Routledge. Fitriyana, Yuli. 2007. “Politeness Strategies in John Grisham’s novel The Client”. Skripsi S1. Unpublished. Malang: Islamic Malang State University. Geyer, Naomi. 2008. Discourse and Politeness: Ambivalent Face in Japanese. London: Continuum International Publishing Group. Holmes, Janet. 1995. Women, Men and Politeness. London: Longman. Laksmi, Dewinta. 2012. “Politeness Principles Applied by the Main Characters in Having Adjacency Pairs as Reflected in the Movie Elizabeth: The Golden Age ”. Skripsi S1. Unpublished. Yogyakarta: Yogyakarta State University. Masluha, Siti. 2011. Politeness Strategies Used by the Main Character A Walk to Remember Movie. Skripsi S1. Unpublished. Malang: Islamic Malang State University. Moleong, Lexy. 2004. Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. Bandung: PT Remaja Rosdakarya. Muhammad. 2011. Metode Penelitian Bahasa. Yogyakarta: Ar-ruz Media. Purwo, Bambang Kaswanti. 1994. Pertemuan Linguistik Lembaga Bahasa Atma Jaya Ketujuh . Yogyakarta: Kanisius. Rahmawati, Anita. 2008. Politeness Strategies Used by the Main Character Marcus in Get Rich or Die Trying Movie. Skripsi S1. Unpublished Malang: Islamic Malang State University Sapir, Edward. 1949. Culture, Language and Personality. California: University of California Press.