25 educational products” Borg Gall, 1983, p. 178.
This stage relates to Kemp’s 1977 listing subject contents and selecting
learning activities and resources stages. The subject contents were listed to support sequencing contents. The researcher made the materials based on the units and
arrange the materials from the simple to the complex one. The researcher applied EGRA technique and used authentic printed picture
for the resources in selecting activities and resources. Tomlison 1990 states EGRA technique is a technique that is very effective to teach grammar through
activities provided. EGRA stands for ExposureExperience, Generalization, Reinforcement, and Application. Then, to select the resources, Kemp 1977 makes
a diagram for media selection showing the type of media or instructional media. The researcher used the authentic pictures for the instructional media.
4. Preliminary Field Testing
Borg and Gall 1983 state that preliminary field testing obtains an initial qualitative evaluation of a new educational product. To evaluate the product, the
teachers or experts give feedback through critiques and suggestions for the product
revision. As Borg and Gall 1983 add that:
In the preliminary field test, the feedback from a teacher is necessary to help the educational product designer in developing and improving the
educational product. This step is expected to get many specific criticisms and suggestions toward the educational product p. 783.
This step is relevant to the stage of Kemp 1997, namely evaluation. This step is to get teachers or experts’ feedback to make the product applicable. In this step, the
researcher distributed the questionnaires to three experts to get the revision of the PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
26 designed materials. The experts were one English teacher from SMPN 15
Yogyakarta and two ELESP lectures from Sanata Dharma University.
5. Main Revision
According to Borg and Gall 1983, after conducting the preliminary field testing, all the data were compiled and analyzed. Main product revision includes
the revision of the products suggested by the preliminary test result. Main revision indicates that the data in the previous stage had been collected. In this stage, the
researcher revised the product based on the revision in the preliminary field testing stage. Besides, the researcher added some new things to make the designed
materials better and applicable.
B. Research Participants
In this research, there were two participants, namely the participants of research and information collecting and the participants of preliminary field testing.
1. The Participants of Research and Information Collecting
The participants of research and information collecting were two English teachers from SMPN 15 Yogyakarta. In this case, the researcher conducted an
interview with the teachers. The significance of conducting the interview was to get further information that could support the r
esearcher’s observation. In this interview, the researcher
was to get the information about students’ characteristic, the level of difficulty in designing materials, and the methods used in teaching.
