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According to Slavin 1990, STAD consists of five major activities. They are class presentation, group discussion, individual quiz, individual scores, and
team recognition. 1. Class Presentation.
In class presentation the teacher presents the materials to be learned and the explanations about the materials to the students. The students should pay
careful attention during the class presentation because the knowledge acquired will help the students to do well on their quizzes.
2. Teams or Study Group In this activity, the students will gather in group with their group members
and do tasks given by the teacher. In group work, the students should encourage, teach and help each other to master the material learned. In group work, the other
students who have less knowledge can learn from their friends. 3. Individual quiz
In this activity, each student will have to do quiz provided by the teacher based on the materials which have been learned during class presentations and
study group. The students must do their quiz individually without any help from their other members.
4. Individual Improvement Score According to Slavin 1990, the idea behind the individual improvement
score is to give each student a performance goal that can be attained if he or she works harder and performs better than in the past.
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5. Team Recognition In team recognition, the group who earned group average score above the
criteria given by the teacher will receive award. The criteria given by the researcher are as written in the table.
Table 2.1 Team Awards Criteria of average score
Award
Below 11 Economy Class Team
12 to 14 Business Class Team
15 to 17 Executive Class Team
18 to 20 First-Class Team
B. Theoretical Framework
This section reviews the relationship between the research conducted by the researcher and the related theory.
English is an international language which is widely used all over the world. Learning English is now becoming a compulsory demand of people since
the need of an active communication and technology used across the world are increasing. In learning English, the student participation is a crucial thing. A
meaningful learning will only happen if there is engagement or involvement of the students in the activities presented in the learning process.
The students of class VIIB English Extracurricular students in SMP Pangudi Luhur I Yogyakarta had low participation in the English learning
process. Even though basically they were smart and fast learner, they did not fully participating in the learning process. This could be influenced by their age group
as the adolescents that were facing many changes in body and mind, both physically and mentally. The previous teaching method applied might also
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influence their motivation to participate in the learning process. Based on the observation, the researcher found that the students had lower chance to participate
in the learning activities done. Since the students of VIIB English Extracurricular class were not actively
participating in the learning process, the researcher proposed one of cooperative learning Approach‟s methods as the solution of the problem. It was Student Team
Achievement Division method. According to Slavin 1990, the main idea behind Student Team Achievement Division is to motivate students to encourage and
help each other master skill presented by the teacher p. 6. Most importantly, STAD method also acquires students‟ individual accountability in which when
they do the individual quizzes, students are responsible for their own work. In cooperative learning, the students not only have to learn teamwork skill but also
become the director of their own learning. They learn to plan, monitor and evaluate their own learning. Thus, learning is something that requires students‟
direct and active involvement and participation Richards and Rodgers, 2001: 199.
The researcher did the classroom action research to see whether cooperative learning
‟s method: Student Team Achievement Division was applicable in Class VIIB of English Extracurricular and able to improve the
students‟ participation. The researcher set an indicator of success in conducting this classroom research. The success is when the student participation in VIIB
English extracurricular class were improved through the use of STAD method. Their participation was improved when the students were actively engaged in
