Basic Skill Level
reading and writing, and rudimentary
patterns of speaking
Complex Skill Level
language comprehension skills
Coherence Level
1. Knowledge of the alphabet that is,
ability to recite and recognize various
letters 1. Complex and proper
use of language to communicate
ideas, desires, and feelings
1. Ability to create original stories and relate classical
and previously heard stories
2. Recognition of one’s own name in
writing and
in conversation
2. Capacity to tell jokes and understand various
kinds of language-based humor jokes, puns, and
so on 2. Execution of various
types of
formal speakingdebate, persuasive,
impromptu, and so on
3. Single
word utterances; speaking
pairs of words and meaningful phrases
3. Expanded
vocabulary, including
skill in using new words in speaking and writing
3. • Skilled use of various
figures of speech metaphor, simile, hyperbole, and so
on 4.
Creation of
simple sentences,
generally with poor syntax, in speaking
4. Comprehension of information presented in
a written format stories, narratives, and so on
4. Ability to engage in metalinguistic
language investigating itself analysis
and dialogue
5. Ability to perform “imitation
writing,” especially of one’s own name
and other letters 5. Self-expression in
various creative writing forms essay, poetry,
narrative, and so
on
B. The Relevant Study
There are some relevant studies about verbal – linguistic intelligence and
reading. The first study was conducted by Hashemi, his research is about investigating whether there is any relationship between multiple intelligence and
reading ability. The participants were 122 Iranian undergraduate EFL English as Foreign Language students were selected from Islamic Azad University,
Raudehen Branch. The research used IELTS and multiple intelligence questionnaire as the instruments of the research. The IELTS test was used as a
main instrument for the testing rea ding ability and the McKenzie’s questionnaire
used to identify students’ intelligences profiles. The result from correlational design revealed that verbal
– linguistic intelligence and kinesthetic intelligence made the greatest contribution toward predicting reading ability scores.
43
The second study was conducted by Narges Moheb and Mohammad S. Bagheri. Their research is about finding the relationship between multiple
intelligences and writing strategies among Iranian EFL learners. The participants in this study were 120 adult males and females studying at high and advanced
level of Iran Language Institute. The researchers used questionnaires to measure the variables. The first questionnaire was about multiple intelligences and the
second was about writing skill and strategies questionnaire for checking the students’ use of general, before, during, and after writing. According to the result,
verbal – linguistic intelligence was correlated with general writing strategies
44
. The third research was invastigated by Rahimi and Sadighi. This research was
examined about the impact of linguistic intelligence and emotional intelligence on the reading comprehension ability of the Iranian EFL learners. The participants
were 135 senior English major both male and female. But, only 90 students at an intermediate level of proficiency were analyzed for the study. The data gathered
through two questionnaires and a reading test and analyzed through two-way ANOVA and Multiple Regression. The result indicated that the linguistic
43
Hashemi, op.cit., p.100.
44
Narges Moheb and Mohammad S. Bagheri, Relationship between Multiple Intelligence and Writing Strategies, Journal of Language Teaching and Research, Vol. 4 4, 2013, p.777.
