The Teaching of English at Islamic Junior High SchoolMTs

CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

In order to have a clear description of the problem under the study of teaching functional expression for the grade students of MTs Pembangunan UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta based on KTSP syllabus, this chapter presents and discusses the theoretical framework, which consists of: teaching English at Islamic Junior High School MTs, objective of teaching English at Islamic junior high school based on KTSP, instructional material for MTs recommended by the latest English syllabus, syllabus, curriculum, and material, instructional activities at MTs, evaluation, and functional expression.

A. The Teaching of English at Islamic Junior High SchoolMTs

Madrasah Tsanawiyah means Islamic Junior High School which is under the administration of the attans Religious Department. English has been taught at secondary levels because English has a central role in students’ intellectual, social, and emotional propagation in teaching-learning process. English is as a compulsory subject at MTs which helps students to know about themselves and 8 cultures, the English instructional material which is suggested in the syllabus can be developed by the teachers themselves. They have own right to select and use one textbook or more, which they consider appropriate for the students. Realizing how important English is for the progress of our country, the government, by the issuance of the Decree of the Minister of Educational and Culture No.096 of 1967, has stipulated that English becomes the first foreign language that should be taught formally to all Indonesian students, starting from Junior High School to college or universities level. The objective of teaching- learning of English in Indonesia as demanded by the decree is the mastery of various language skills covering reading, listening, writing, and speaking. 1 Human is individual and social creatures that needs the education. The need of education has been one of the human rights because it is a process of changing attitude by means of learning and training. It is also a main point in developing human thinking which is collaterally with society. In line with this statement, Undang – Undang RI no.20 Chapter II Section 3, 2003 Pendidikan nasional berfungsi mengembangkan kemampuan dan membentuk watak serta peradaban bangsa yang bermartabat dalam rangka mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa, bertujuan untuk berkembangnya potensi peserta didik agar menjadi manusia yang beriman dan bertaqwa kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa yang berakhlak mulia, sehat, berilmu, cakap, kreatif mandiri dan menjadi warga negara yang demokratis dan bertanggung jawab. 2 Based on the Undang – Undang RI tentang sistem Pendidikan Nasional, learning process is success if it raises the purpose that is stated. As a dominant component, teacher is demanded to master material and have an ability to transfer the knowledge to the students. Teaching English in junior high school has a purpose that is by the end of their study, the students are expected to master two competence, that are actional 1 Ketetapan Mentri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia No.096 Tahun 1967 tentang Pengajaran Bahasa Inggris di Indonesia. 2 UU RI Tahun 2003 tentang Pendidikan Nasional, page.6 competence which is divided into productive skills speaking and writing and receptive skills listening and reading and linguistic competence grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation and spelling. 3 English subject is aimed to develop those skills in order students to able to communicate in positive literacy covering performative, functional, informational, and epistemic. In performative, people be able to read, write, listen, and speak with the symbols are used. In functional, a person be able to use the language to fulfill their life needs, such as reading newspapers, etc. In informational, people are able to access the knowledge by using language skills. Whereas, in epistemic, people able to use the knowledge in the target language 4 by using English. Besides, teaching English in Islamic Junior High School is proposed to implant the awareness about the importance of English language as a vital medium of transfer of knowledge that has a role to widen science, implant positive thinking to foreign people and help the students in doing cross cultural activities. In teaching learning English, an evaluation has an important role in teaching learning activities. It is an integral part of the instructional program. Through evaluation, teachers are able to find out the effectiveness or the failure of a method and also students achievement in mastering the lesson.

B. Objectives of Teaching English at Islamic Junior High School Based on