Research Design RESEARCH METHOD

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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD

A. Research Design

There are three types of research, which are quantitative, qualitative, and mixed research. Quantitative research is conducted based on the objective theories by using variables and measuring the connection among used variables Creswell, 2009:4. It means that the research data can be measured through numerical processes. The result itself means the final answer from the variables measurement. Qualitative research is conducted based on social problems to understand the phenomenon in social life Creswell, 2009:4. In making the result, numerical processes cannot be done because the data is concluded from the researcher’s interpretation. The last one mixed research which is a research that combines both of quantitative and qualitative research. This study is a qualitative research because the researcher uses words, phrase, sentence, and discourses as the main data. These data will not be performed in numerical result. The qualitative research is conducted because it enables the researcher to create in-depth interpretation upon the social phenomena Snape in Ritchie, 2003:3. The interpretation might be different from one person to another because it is based on how far one’s understanding upon a certain phenomenon using personal perspectives. It shows that a qualitative research has a flexible state because it uses each researcher’s point of view. The researcher emphasizes her focus on human and the social world and interprets her findings. Snape in Ritchie 2003:7 also stated that the researcher should put the focus on the importance between the interpretations and finding from the case that is examined. In conducting a qualitative research, qualitative methods are employed as the bridge to reach the understanding of the phenomena being studied. These methods deal with methodological discussions that can acquire two objectives of this research, which are 1 t o examine the kinds of children’s independence when they find problems and the ways out and 2 to descri be adults’ roles in giving responds toward children’s problems. According to Snape in Ritchie 2003:3, there are five key aspects in a qualitative research including: The overall research perspective and the importance of the participants frames of reference; the flexible nature of research design; the volume and richness of qualitative data; the distinctive approaches to analysis and interpretation; and the kind of outputs that derive from qualitative research. These aspects are important to apply in a qualitative research. These points help the researcher conduct the research using qualitative methods. There are procedures and techniques that were used by the researcher to complete the methods in this study. Each of the procedure and technique are discussed in sub-points below.

B. The Data Sources