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Figure 3.1 Kemmis and McTaggart’s Action Research Model
The classroom action research included four stages: plan, action, observation, and reflection. The explanation of the stages was presented below:
1. Planning
In this research, CAR was employed to solve a problem found in class VII.10 of SMP N 8 Yogyakarta about the lack of students’ participation in the
learning process. Diagnosing the problem was conducted in order to find an appropriate solution. The researcher considered the jigsaw technique to solve it.
The jigsaw technique has a principle about self-responsibility in the teamwork. The researcher planned to conduct three cycles for three meetings. The research
was conducted to know the improveme nt of students’ participation by using the
26 jigsaw technique. In this stage, the researcher planned to use descriptive texts as
the material because the short functiona l text was included in Standar Isi of the seventh grade students of Junior High School for even semester.
2. Acting
This stage was the implementation of the jigsaw technique. The teaching and learning process was divided into three parts: pre-activity, whilst activity, and
post-activity. The jigsaw technique was implemented in whilst activity which was divided in three sections; home group part 1 section, expert group section, and
home group part 2 section. In the first section, namely home group part 1, the students were divided
into a group of six. Each group consisted of five members, the group was called home group. Then, the researcher gave the different paragraph of a descriptive
text to each student. Each student in a group had responsibility to understand the paragraph. In the second section, namely expert group, the students who received
the same paragraph of a descriptive text gathered in one group. In this section, the students had to comprehend and share the content of the text. In the third se ction,
namely home group part 2, the students returned to their home group to retell the content of their paragraphs. Then, the researcher provided a quiz about the
descriptive text for checking the students’ understanding about the text that they had already discussed.
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3. Observing
