42 preliminary study 3 finding the problems and planning for the action 4
planning 5 acting 6 observing 7 reflecting. The explanation was presented below:
1. Asking Permission from the School Principal
The researcher asked for permission from the school principal to conduct a research in SMP N 8 Yogyakarta. In this step, the school principal did not ask the
researcher to find a permission letter from Dinas Pendidikan Yogyakarta. Therefore, the researcher could conduct the research directly.
2. Conducting the Preliminary Study
The researcher started to conduct a preliminary study in SMP N 8 Yogyakarta. The researcher was suggested conducting the preliminary study to the
seventh grade students. The English teacher allowed the researcher to conduct a preliminary study in the class VII.10. The researcher conducted the preliminary
study to observe the situation in the classroom when the teacher delivered the materials and the
teacher’s way to teach the students.
3. Finding the Problems and Planning for the Action
In this step, the researcher listed some important things that occurred in the class. The researcher noted a major problem that occurred in the class VII.10. The
students did not participate in the learning process. Then, the researcher distributed a questionnaire and conducted interviews to ensure that the problems
really occurred in that class. The researcher considered the most appropriate
43 method to solve it. Then, the researcher decided to use the jigsaw technique to
improve the students’ participation in the classroom.
4. Planning
The researcher planned a learning activity by making teaching materials and lesson plans. The activity was based on the jigsaw technique. The researcher
also consulted with the teacher and the researcher’s advisor.
5. Acting
In this step, the researcher implemented the jigsaw technique to improve the students’ participation. The teaching material was descriptive texts. There
were three parts activities in the teaching and learning process. They were pre activity, whilst activity, and post activity. In the pre activity, the researcher invited
the students to brainstorm by asking questions related to the materials. In this activity, the students could also watch a video related to the materials. While in
the whilst activity, the researcher explained a handout about the materials. Then, the researcher divided the students in three group sections: home group part 1,
expert group, and home group part 2. In the post activity, the researcher concluded and gave feedback to the students about the lesson.
6. Observing
