Figure 43. The responses to temperature in a hypothetical organism. Wharton, 2002.
5. SUMMARY AND SUGGESTION
5.1. Summary
From the experimental results of this study, 100 not responding organism at upper thermal limit experiment hourly increase for Ophiomastix
annulosa, Ophiarachna incrassata, Ophiocoma cf. dentata, and Fromia milleporella was 36.5
C and 37 C, 37.2
C, 40.5 C, and 35.8
C and 35.0 C
respectively; at upper thermal limit daily increase for Ophiomastix annulosa, Ophiarachna incrassata, and Fromia milleporella was 35.0
C, 34.0 C, and 33.0
C respectively; at lower thermal limit hourly decrease for Ophiomastix annulosa was 12.8
C; at lower salinity limit hourly decrease for Ophiomastix annulosa and Ophiocoma cf. dentata was 20.5 and 13. The thermal window for
Ophiomastix annulosa hourly experiment was between 12.8-37.0 C. The
conclusion from the result are 1 it could be seen that intertidal species had wider range of temperature and salinity limit on hourly increase temperature and
hourly decrease salinity; 2 it could be assumed that these ophiuroids and asteroids species could acclimatize and survive to more rapid changing
environment than slow changing environment; as long as the oxygen is available in sufficient amount. To conclude these experiments, the thermal limit for each
species varies from each other, depending on where they live intertidal or subtidal; polar, temperate, or tropics. The thermal limit for each experiment and
each species was also different, depending on the rate of temperature change. The longer the experiment the organisms exposed to stress, the survival limit
was lower.
5.2. Suggestion
There are still lots of open question regarding environmental stress factors that might affect marine organisms with respect to global climate change
or sudden environmental changes. This study still need further study to answer more questions. For example, a upper and lower thermal limit in slower rate of
changing, e.g. weekly, monthly so the thermal window can be observed on a longer term; b upper and lower salinity limit in short or medium rate of
changing so that the salinity window can be observed. In nature there are many factors affecting organisms complex factors.
Combined factors natural stress factors can be tested to see or identify what
might happen to organisms in response to multiple stress factors e.g. temperature and salinity.
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