Figure 28. Number of not responding organisms from upper thermal limit experiment daily increase of Ophiarachna incrassata green
ophiuroid, accumulatively. Experiment was done on December 14
th
- 22
nd
2010.
4.1.2.2.3. Fromia milleporella red starfish
Red starfish Fromia milleporella during daily increase temperature had an upper thermal limit 100 mortality or not responding of 33.0
C; the starting temperature was 27.0
C Table 11, Figure 29. The organisms reached their 50 mortality not response at more than 32
C Figure 30. The first mortality happened on the second day. Condition of the organisms on the third day, the
organisms became weak 30.0 C Appendix 27. At the end of experiment, all of
the organisms showed mortality, wounded discs or arms destroyed or degraded, and none of the organisms could turn. All organisms were already at
the bottom of the experimental tank and lost its attachment capability.
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
9 10
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
N u
m b
e r
o f n
o t
re sp
o n
d in
g
o rg
an ism
s
Time day
Ophiarachna incrassata -December 14th-22nd 2010
Experiment n=8 Control n=3
Temp. C
26.0 34.0
33.6 32.0
33.6 34.0
30.0 27.9
Table 11. Data of upper thermal limit experiment daily increase of Fromia milleporella Red Starfish. Experiment was done on May 6
th
-12
th
2011.
Date Experiment
temperature C
Control temperature
C Number of
not response organisms
experiment n=10
Number of not response
organisms control
n=4
06052011 27.0
25.0 1
07052011 28.0
25.2 08052011
28.6 25.0
09052011 30.0
25.0 1
10052011 31.0
25.0 1
1 11052011
32.0 25.3
2 12052011
33.0 25.5
6
Figure 29. Temperature rise during upper thermal limit experiment daily increase of Fromia milleporella red starfish. Experiment was done
on May 6
th
-12
th
2011.
24.0 25.0
26.0 27.0
28.0 29.0
30.0 31.0
32.0 33.0
34.0 35.0
36.0 37.0
38.0 39.0
40.0 41.0
42.0
1 2
3 4
5 6
Tem p
e ratu
re C
Time day
Fromia milleporella -May 6th-12th 2011
Experiment Control
Figure 30. Number of not responding organisms from upper thermal limit experiment daily increase of Fromia milleporella red starfish,
accumulatively. Experiment was done on May 6
th
-12
th
2011.
4.1.2.3. Lower thermal limit hourly decrease
Red ophiuroid Ophiomastix annulosa during hourly decrease temperature had a lower thermal limit 100 mortality or not responding of 12.8
C; the starting temperature was 27.0
C Table 13, Figure 33. The organisms reached their 50 mortality not response at less than 44
C Figure 34. Condition of the organisms on the eighth hour, the organisms start to get weak 19.7
C. On the tenth hour, all of the organisms became weak 17.4
C Appendix 11. At the end of experiment the organisms showed weakness, stiffness, and none of the
organisms could turn. The arms of the organisms were all stiff and curled. All organisms were already at the bottom of the experimental tank
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
9 10
1 2
3 4
5 6
N u
m b
e r
o f n
o t
re sp
o n
d in
g
o rg
an ism
s
Time day
Fromia milleporella- May 6th-12th 2011
Experiment n-10 Control n=4
Temp. C
27.0 33.0
32.0 30.0
31.0 28.6
33.0
32.0 31.0
30.0
28.0
Table 12. Data of lower thermal limit experiment hourly decrease of Ophiomastix annulosa red ophiuroid. Experiment was done at
06:00-20:00 on September 22
nd
2011.
Time Experiment
temperature C
Control temperature
C Number of
not response organisms
experiment n=10
Number of not response
organisms control
n=4
06:00 27.0
25.0 07:00
26.0 25.6
08:00 25.0
25.6 09:00
23.8 25.6
10:00 22.0
25.7 11:00
20.9 25.8
12:00 20.0
25.8 13:00
19.7 25.8
14:00 19.0
25.8 15:00
18.2 25.9
16:00 17.4
25.9 17:00
16.3 26.0
18:00 15.2
26.0 19:00
14.0 26.0
1 20:00
12.8 25.9
9
Figure 31. Temperature rise during lower thermal limit hourly decrease experiment of Ophiomastix annulosa red ophiuroid. Experiment
was done at 06:00-20:00 on September 22
nd
2011.
12.0 13.0
14.0 15.0
16.0 17.0
18.0 19.0
20.0 21.0
22.0 23.0
24.0 25.0
26.0 27.0
28.0
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
9 10 11 12 13 14
Tem p
e ratu
re C
Time hour
Ophiomastix annulosa -September 22nd 2011
Experiment Control
