we mean that the equivalent forms should not be ‘foreign’ either in form except of course for such inevitable matters as proper names or meaning.
2.2.2 The Process of Translation
According to Larson 1998: 4 the process of translation can be shown by the following diagram:
SOURCE LANGUAGE RECEPTOR LANGUAGE
1.
Discover the meaning Re-express the meaning
Based on the diagram above, it can be described that a translator must discover the meaning of Source Language that is being translated into Receptor
Language. Then the translator arranges as natural as possible the meaning of SL based on appropriate word choices and grammatical structure of TL. For
Example: SL : Late in the winter of my seventeenth year, my mother decided I was
depressed Green, 2012: 3 Text to be
translated
MEANING
Translation
TL: Di penghujung musim dingin usia ketujuh belasku, Mom menyimpulkan aku depresi Nimpoeno, 2014: 9.
1.2.3 Kinds of Translation
As has been mentioned previously, translation consists of transferring the meaning of the source language to another language Larson, 1998: 3. To do
effective translation one must discover the meaning of the source language and use receptor language forms which express this meaning in a natural way.
Translation can be divided into four there are literal translation, modified literal translation, idiomatic translation, and unduly free translation.
1.2.3.1 Literal Translation
Literal translation is a form-based translation that attempt to follow the form of the source language. Literal translation can be very effective for purposes
related to the study of the source language, for some purposes, it is desirable to reproduce the linguistic features of the source text.
For example: SL : Mom arrived at the curb Green, 2012: 20
TL : Mom tiba di pinggir jalan Nimpoeno, 2014: 32 From the example above, it can be described that the element of the TL
has the same position and translated appropriate on the form-based in the SL.
1.2.3.2 Modified Literal Translation
This modified literal translation is kind of translation that still has relation and it needs a modification of the literal translation. The modification could be
word order or adjustment, by using acceptable sentence structure in the target language. Yet, the lexical items are translated literally but still sound unnatural.
For example: SL : So when I got home I went out into the backyard Green, 2012: 53
TL : Jadi, setibanya di rumah, aku keluar ke pekarangan belakang Nimpoeno, 2014: 76
The example above shows that the translator modifies word per word. The word “I” in the sentence only translated one time but it does not change the
message which wants to be conveyed.
1.2.3.3 Idiomatic Translation
Idiomatic translation is meaning-based translation and makes every effort to communicate the meaning of the source language text in the natural forms of
the receptor language. Idiomatic translation uses the natural forms of the receptor language both in grammatical construction and in the choice of lexical item. For
example: SL: Isaac turned and run up the stairs, taking them two at a time Green, 2012:16
TL: Isaac berbalik dan berlari menaiki tangga, dua anak tangga sekaligus setiap kalinya Nimpoeno, 2014: 26
