44
a. The Frequently Appeared Dead Metaphor in the Form of Phrase Idiom
After analyzing the findings of dead metaphor in Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk, the researcher defined that the dead metaphors which appears four to nine times in
the novel, are categorized as the frequently appeared dead metaphor. Table 4.2 illustrates the findings of the dead metaphor in form of phrasal idioms which are
frequently appeared in Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk.
Table 4.2 the Findings of Dead Metaphors in the Form of Phrase Idiom which Frequently Appeared
No. Dead Metaphor
Frequency
1. Tanah Air
9 2.
Mita diri 6
3. Air mata
6 4.
Punggung bukit 5
5. Rumah tangga
4
The above table shows that the findings of the dead metaphors in form of
phrasal idioms are tanah air, minta diri, air mata, punggung bukit and rumah tangga. The findings of the frequently appeared dead metaphor illustrated on the
table above belong to Indonesian idiomatic construction. Indonesian idiomatic construction is the idiomatic expressions, which are commonly used by the
Indonesian and has been a part of Indonesian language. Hence, the Indonesian readers do not need to think about the primary sense of each word composing a
dead metaphor. The first example of finding is tanah air, which is used nine times in the
novel. Literally, the word tanah in Indonesia means land and the word air means water. If the word tanah and air are seen together from literally meaning or word
45 by word, the meaning will be the land and the water. Examining the meaning of
the literal meaning of the words tanah and air, the researcher who is also an Indonesian native reader finds that the words tanah air do not have any sense.
However, if those words are seen from the Indonesian idiomatic expression, the words tanah air means a place where somebody born. Literally, the words
tanahair do not have any relation with a country where somebody was born Kamus Idiom Bahasa Indonesia, 1984. However, the Indonesian native readers
will directly understand that the meaning of tanah air is the place where somebody was born. Yet, for the Indonesian, in a particular situation the word
tanah air may also refer to Indonesia as a country. The third example is Punggung bukit. It is used five times in the novel.
The literal meaning of punggung is the back, a body part, and bukit means hill. Literally, the words Punggung bukit mean the back side of a hill. However, the
sense of punggung bukit in Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk is the upper side of a hill. The word punggung is the language expression to express the upper side of the hill,
because the word punggung and upper side of something share the same idea. The illustration is when somebody lies his face down, his back will be his upper
side of his body. Thus, punggung or the back can be used to express the upper side of something.
b. The Rarely Appeared Dead Metaphors in the Form of Phrase Idiom
Kategori