3.3 Object of the Study
The object of the study was cohesive devices found in the speeches produced by speaking for general purposes class’ students. The data of the study was in form of
recorded speeches. Since it is qualitative, the data research does not focus on numerals or statistics but giving most attention to h
ow deep researcher’s knowledge is toward the interaction among concepts, which is being learnt Miles and Huberman, 1994: 1.
3.4 Role of Researcher
In conducting the research, the role of the researcher appeared in the process of collecting the data. As the data collector, I collected the data which were
students’ speeches of speaking for general purposes class. After obtaining the data, I transcribed
the data so that it could be analyzed by using theory of Halliday and Hasan classification of cohesion to find out what kinds of cohesive devices were used by the
students. The data collected were analyzed only by her.
3.5 Unit of Analysis
Unit of analysis in this research is clause and clause complexes. Gerot and Wignell 1994: 82 states that
“a clause can be defined as the largest grammatical unit”. They
added that “cohesion refers to the resources within the language that provide continuity in a text, over and above t
hat provided by clause structure and clause complexes”.
3.6 Instrument for Collecting Data
In this study to obtain the data needed I used camcorder, flash disk, and computer as the instruments. For transferring the speeches from recorded forms into the written
ones, it needed some blank papers to list the cohesive devices in their occurrences within the texts.
3.7 Procedure of Collecting Data
The method used to collect the data was by administering a test which was Speaking for General Purposes final test. The test was mea
nt to get the students’ speeches to be scored as their final exam in the subject. The students were given some choice of topics
which could be used in creating the speeches. They were asked to choose one of five topics as the topic of their speeches. One week was time which was given to them to
prepare their speeches before presenting it in front of class. When presenting the speeches, they were recorded one by one by using camera
recorder. After all of the students had been recorded, I transcribed the data.
Ten out of twenty speeches were chosen to be analyzed because some reasons. First, the sounds of some recorded data could not be heard clearly. Second, it was not
possible to rerecord the speeches which were not clear because it would be quite difficult to make them made the speeches twice.
3.8 Procedure of Analyzing Data
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