CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1. Background of the Analysis.
We live in a big and wide world where all of us separated into some places and countries. These places and countries have different cultures, language and
way of life. But with curiousity in every human being, we cannot bear ourselves to find out what people in another part of the world have achieved. We try to find
out what happened in the other world, what kind of knowledge that they have found, technology that they have invented, and stories that they have etc.
In order to find out everything that existed in the world outside of ours, we use any kinds of media we have. And every media using different kinds of
language based on their cultures and countries. Language is used in the media to tell about anything that happened or as we can say as a device to communicate
especially in utterance. Sapir 1949 : 8 stated that, “Language is a purely human and non-instinctive method of communicating ideas, emotions and desires by
means of voluntary produced symbols.” Human has their own language to tell stories and transfer their knowledge to others but what if the others cannot
understand the language that is used. So, as the way to solve this problem, some people begin to learn other language that can give them the ability to do
translation. For example, Indonesians nowadays are so interested in learning English and Mandarin so we can communicate and transfer their message by
using both languages, whether by utterance or written, and can compete in global world. People who can understand other language do a translation in order to
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transfer the message in a text. Crystal 1987:334 stated that, “The term ‘translation’ is the neutral term used for all tasks where the meaning of expression
in one language the ‘source’ language is turned into the meaning of another the ‘target’ language, whether the medium is spoken, written, or signed.”
The translation process is a process that can be found in the existence of language, in utterance or written text as articles, journals, newspapers, magazines,
novel, etc. Translation helps us in making a connection between nation, transferring the knowledge contained in the SL into the TL and with a good
translation we can understand each other to make a better living. Translators do not only need to know their source language well; they
must also have throughout understanding of the field of knowledge covered by the source text, and of any social, cultural, or emotional connotations that need to be
specified in the target language if the intended effect is to be conveyed Crystal 1987:334.
“Translation is the rendering of a text into another language. Applied in literature, the term connotes the art of recomposing of a work in another language
without losing its original flavor, or of finding an analogous substitute.” www.answer.com
When translating there are some rules need to be followed. At least the translator should master the SL and TL because each of them has its own
grammatical and structural system. So a translator does not only need to know the Source Language but also should have a wide and deeper knowledge of the Target
Language so he can find substitute words in TL that are appropriate with the
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grammatical and structural system in TL and also fit with the meaning of words in SL.
Equivalence is equal in worth or value, force, power, effect, import and the like ; alike in significance and value ; of the same import or meaning
www.ardictionary.com. Equivalence in translation cannot be considered as the sameness but considered as equal meaning in translating text in SL into TL.
Translation equivalence refers to the equivalent relationships between Target Language TL and Source Language SL.
Nida McGuire, 1991:26, distinguishes two types of equivalence. They are Formal equivalence which focuses attention on the message itself, in both
form and content and Dynamic equivalence is that based on the principle of equivalent effect, i.e. that the relationship between the receiver and message
should aim at being the same as that between the original receivers and the SL message.
There are eight parts of speech and verb is one of them as Mukti 2008 : 6 states :
”Tata bahasa Inggris terdiri dari delapan bagian, yang lazim disebut Part of Speech, yang terdiri dari : Noun Kata Benda, Adjective Kata Sifat, Pronoun
Kata Ganti, Verb Kata Kerja, Adverb Kata Keterangan, Preposition Kata Depan, Conjunction Kata Sambung, dan Interjection Kata Seru.”
English grammar consists of eight parts, usually called Part of Speech. This Part of Speech consists of : Noun, Adjective, Pronoun, Verb, Adverb,
Preposition, Conjunction, and Interjection. In passive verb sentences, the thing receiving the action is the subject of
the sentence and the thing doing the action is optionally included near the end of the sentence www.englishpage.com.
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In the analysis the source of the data is Harry Potter and The Deathly Hallows book and its translation Harry Potter dan Relikui Kematian. The data are
all passive verbs found in the novel and its translation. Harry Potter and The Deathly Hallows is the last book of Harry Potter series by J.K Rowling. These
bestseller series have been translated into 65 languages and one of them is into Bahasa Indonesia.
The translation of passive verbs in this novel is varied. It can be seen from the example, Her face flooded with colour was translated into Wajah wanita itu
semburat kemerahan. The passive verb flooded is translated into semburat. The next example is, The lane was bordered on the left by wild, low-growing
brambles, on the right by a high, neatly manicured hedge and is translated into Jalan kecil itu tumbuh di sebelah kirinya dibatasi semak rendah yang tumbuh liar,
di sebelah kanannya oleh pagar tanaman tinggi yang terpangkas rapi.. The passive verb was bordered is translated into dibatasi, as in the dictionary. As the
reference for the meaning of the words, the Shadily’s English-Indonesian dictionary is used.
1.2 Problems of the Analysis.