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especially the members of Resimen Mahasiswa at University of Sumatera Utara.
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CHAPTER II RESEARCH OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Theoretical Background
2.1.1 Linguistics
Linguistics is the scientific study of human’s language. The primary object is human language signifying that language is human specific and human species. It is
only human that uses language as a means of communication. Humans use language to do communicate and interact with others. Linguistics does not study every form of
human’s language. It focused on analyzing human’s verbal language. It focused on analyzing human’s verbal language; the language that consists of words. Hudson in
Umar and Napitupulu 1994 : 1 says : “Linguistik adalah disiplin yang mempelajari struktur bahasa tanpa mengkaji konteks sosisal tempat struktur itu dipelajari atau
digunakan”. Linguitics is a scientific discipline about language structure without examine the social context where the structure is learned or used.
According to Gleason and Ratner 1998 : 7 say that “linguistics is the study of language in its various aspects. The language some people use as a means of
healing or bringing danger to people, which is associated to particular faiths, as mentioned before can be also then part of linguistics claims”. However, the study of
how people read other’s postures or how they use their gestures as a language to communicate to one another is not normally studied as linguistics. In the early
history of its introduction as a social science, linguistics was regarded as a subfield of semiotics, which is the science of signs. As a signs language may be analyzed in
respect to how it is produced.
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Today, to the advance study on language, linguistics is usually perceived as an independent field. Language and its social setting should be studied as a
significant linguistics field. Language reflects society; it also serves to pass on social structure, for learning a language is central feature of being socialized. Language and
society may not be purely human but they are such fundamental human phenomena that they cry out for better understanding. Language use also varies according to the
situation, whether it is public or private, formal or informal, who is being addressed, and who might be able to overhear.
2.1.2 Sociolinguistics
The topic about language choice is discussed in sociolinguistics extensively. Sociolinguistics refers to a study of the relationship between language and society.
The research on choice is traditionally seen as something belonging to sociology, while study of research language belongs to linguistics. So, this research of language
choice in Resimen Mahasiswa of University of Sumatera Utara belongs both of sociology and linguistics or sociolinguistics.
Sociolinguistics is a branch of linguistics that takes language as an object study. Sociolinguistics was used more to refer to the study of language in relation to
society, sociolinguistics itself focus of study is language. Sociolinguistics is concerned with investigating the relationship between language and society with the
goal being a better understanding of the structure of language and of how language function and language use through communication.
In order words, in sociolinguistics we study language and society in order to find out as much as we can about what kind of thing language is. As R.Wardhaugh
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