impinge on the hearer, and reddressing other wants of the hearer. Lastly, off record strategies are realized by inviting conventional implicature, and being
vague or ambiguous. This research is different from the previous studies since it is not only
investigating speech act of commands and politeness strategies in general. Otherwise, the researcher tries to combine both discussions. In short, this
research observes the role of politeness strategies used by the main characters in the first season of The Lottery TV Series to express the speech act of
commands.
C. Conceptual Framework
The object of analysis in this study is the first season of The Lottery TV Series. The research uses pragmatic approach. The focus of the research is to
observe the role of politeness strategies as expressed in speech act of commands performed by Vannesa Keller and Darius Hayes in the first season
of The Lottery TV Series. In this research, the researcher formulates the objectives into three
points. First, it is to identify the types of politeness strategies of commands performed by Vannesa Keller and Darius Hayes. The second is to describe the
realization of politeness strategies performed by Vannesa Keller and Darius Hayes. The last is to find out the possible factors which influence the
speakers to perform certain politeness strategies. The researcher used the politeness theories proposed by Brown and Levinson in Goody1978 to
analyze all of these three objectives in this research.
Figure 2: Analytical Construct
Politeness Presupposition
Implicature Deixis
Pragmatics
Assertive s
Directive Commissive
Expressive s
Declaration Speech Act
Politeness Strategies Command
Factors influencing politeness strategies
Realization of politeness strategies
Politeness strategies of command
Bald on Record
Off Record
Positive Politeness
Negative Politeness
Non-minimation of the face threat
Inviting conversational implicature
Being vague or ambiguous Claiming for common ground
Conveying that both participants are cooperators
Being directconventionaly indirect
Not presumingassuming
Avoiding to coerce the addressee Communicating the speakers want
to not impinge on addressee Relative power
Social distance Ranking of imposition
The Lottery TV Series
Season 1
Politeness Strategies of Commands Used by Vanessa Keller and Darius Hayes in the First Season of The Lottery TV Series
31
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
A. Research Type
To analyze the data, descriptive qualitative method was employed in this research since it focused on investigating the human behavior related to
the performance of politeness strategies of command. As stated by Kothari 2004:2-3, qualitative research is a type of research which concerned with
qualitative phenomenon such as investigating the reasons of certain human behavior. Furthermore, descriptive method includes surveys and different
kinds of questions as the inquiry to find the fact. In addition, according to Vanderstoep and Johnston 2009:167, the purpose of qualitative research is
more descriptive than predictive. It focuses on in depth understanding of the research participants’ point of view. In addition, quantitative method was also
used to measure the frequency of data occurance. As stated by Vanderstoep and Johnston 2009:7, quantitative method used to specifies numerical
assigment of certain phenomena in the research study. Moreover, pragmatics was used as the approach to analyze the data in this research.
B. Forms, Contexts, and Source of Data
The data in this research were in the form of utterances uttered by two main characters, Vanessa Keller and Darius Hayes in the first season of The
Lottery TV Series. The context of data was the dialogues among the characters which contain politeness and the performance of speech act of
commands. The sources of the data were the transcripts of five beginning
