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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
A. Research Type
To analyze the data, descriptive qualitative method was employed in this research since it focused on investigating the human behavior related to
the performance of politeness strategies of command. As stated by Kothari 2004:2-3, qualitative research is a type of research which concerned with
qualitative phenomenon such as investigating the reasons of certain human behavior. Furthermore, descriptive method includes surveys and different
kinds of questions as the inquiry to find the fact. In addition, according to Vanderstoep and Johnston 2009:167, the purpose of qualitative research is
more descriptive than predictive. It focuses on in depth understanding of the research participants’ point of view. In addition, quantitative method was also
used to measure the frequency of data occurance. As stated by Vanderstoep and Johnston 2009:7, quantitative method used to specifies numerical
assigment of certain phenomena in the research study. Moreover, pragmatics was used as the approach to analyze the data in this research.
B. Forms, Contexts, and Source of Data
The data in this research were in the form of utterances uttered by two main characters, Vanessa Keller and Darius Hayes in the first season of The
Lottery TV Series. The context of data was the dialogues among the characters which contain politeness and the performance of speech act of
commands. The sources of the data were the transcripts of five beginning
episodes of the first season of The Lottery TV Series, i.e. Pilot, Rules of the Game, Greater Good, Genie and Crystal City. These transcripts were taken
from http:www.springfieldspringfield.co.ukview_episode_scripts.php?tv-
show=the-lottery-2014episode=s01e0.
C. Research Instrument
The main instrument in this research was the researcher himself. According to Lincoln and Guba in Vanderstoep and Johnston 2009:188, the
best instrument in qualitative research is human. Moreover, Merriam 2009:15 explains that the characteristic of qualitative research includes the
researcher as the primary instrument for data collection and data analysis. As the main instrument, the researcher had the role of planning, collecting,
analyzing and reporting the research findings. In this research, a data sheet was used as the secondary instrument. The
data sheet was in the form of a table and was used to note the utterances that contain politeness strategies of command performed by Vanessa Keller and
Darius Hayes in the first season of The Lottery TV Series. The model of data sheet is shown as follows.
Table 1: Sample Data Sheet of Politeness Strategies of Command in the first season of
The Lottery TV Series N
O Data
Types Facto
r Explanation
BR OR
PP NP
N M
C I
V A
C G
P C
B D
P A
A C
S W
D P R
1 Vanessa
Keller: Counterfeit
fertility
√ √
Vanessa Keller talks to his brother, Nick, after he was
captured by the police officer for selling counterfeit fertility
drugs? Really? Do
you have
any idea? Nick:
I didn’t know
that they
were fake. Vanessa
Keller: Shut
up, Nick. Just
shut
your damn
mouth and stop lying
for once
.
drugs. Since Vanessa fully understand
that selling
counterfeit fertility drugs is a serius crime, she decides to
perform bald
on record
politeness strategy.
She directly
and intentionally
attacks Nick’s face want in order to warn him that selling
counterfeit fertility drugs is a serious crime. The most
influential factor is the social distance among them. In this
conversation, Vanessa Keller goes baldy on record since
they are family which makes their social distance relatively
close.
Notes: Types :
Factor: BR
: Bald on Record
D :
Social Distance
OR :
Off Record P
: Relative Power
PP :
Positive Politeness R
: Ranking of Imposition
NP :
Negative Politeness
Realization: NM
: Non Minimization
CI :
Inviting Conversational Implicature
VA :
Being Vague or Ambiguous
CG :
Claiming for Common Ground PC
: Conveying That Both Participants are Cooperators
BD :
Being Direct
PA :
Not Presuming or Assuming
AC :
Avoiding to Coerce the Addressee
SW :
Communicating the S peaker’s Want to not Impinge on the
Addressee
D. Data Collection Techniques
In this research, content analysis was used as the data collection technique. According to Kothari 2004:96, there are several methods of data
collection in descriptive researches. They are, observation, interview,
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