40 The last reason for using code-switching was
to quote someone‟s statements or expressions QS. In the Jepun Negerinya Hiroko novel, there were
eight cases of it. On the other hand, the Pondok Baca Kembali ke Semarang novel only had one case of code-
switching‟s reasons for quoting someone‟s statements or expressions QS. It means that code-
switching‟s reasons for quoting someone‟s statements or expressions QS in Nh. Dini‟s two editions of the
Memory Series novels, Jepun Negerinya Hiroko and Pondok Baca Kembali ke Semarang, decreased and was almost lost during 11 years.
D. Other Findings
The researcher found that there were other minor findings in this research. These findings were found when the researcher listed the code-switching
cases found in both novels, the Jepun Negerinya Hiroko novel and the Pondok Baca Kembali ke Semarang novel. The first finding discovered by the researcher
was that there was code-switching case that seemed awkward in Nh. Dini‟s novel.
That case was shown in the sentence
“Pendapatan event-event seperti itu masuk
kas kelompok Rotary organisator.” Pondok Baca Kembali ke Semarang, p. 57. The researcher thought that the repetition of the use
„event‟ in that case was awkward because in English there was no event-event. If someone wanted to
express that there was more than one event plural in English, he or she should use events not event-event. The phrase event-event
in Nh. Dini‟s Pondok Baca Kembali ke Semarang novel was seemed to be mixed with Indonesia style in
writing, which sometimes repeat the word used. The second finding was that some
41 English words had been absorbed into the Indonesian language. The way to prove
and check it was by using Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia. Every English word which could be looked up in that dictionary meant that it has been absorbed into
the Indonesian language. The examples of the borrowing words were the word
lift, blazer, and oven.
42
CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter is aimed to conclude the final results and some recommendations from the whole research. The final results were the answer of
the research problem, namely 1 What are the types of code-switching found in Nh. Dini’s Jepun Negerinya Hiroko and Pondok Baca Kembali ke Semarang? 2
What are the reasons for using code- switching in Nh. Dini’s Jepun Negerinya
Hiroko and Pondok Baca Kembali ke Semarang? The recommendations were intended for those who wish to conduct research on the same issue.
A. Conclusions
After examining the whole data, the researcher concluded two main points. The first is about the types of code-switching found
in Nh. Dini’s Jepun Negerinya Hiroko and Pondok Baca Kembali ke Semarang. The second is about
the reasons for using code- switching in Nh. Dini’s Jepun Negerinya Hiroko and
Pondok Baca Kembali ke Semarang. Dealing with the types of code-switching, the researcher found that there
were five types of code-switching found in Nh. Dini’s two editions of the Memory
Series Novels, Jepun Negerinya Hiroko and Pondok Baca Kembali ke Semarang. They were single-word code-switching, phrase code-switching, clause code-
switching, sentence code-switching and integrated loanwords code-switching. Meanwhile the type that was not found in
Nh. Dini’s two editions of the Memory
