41 7 Revising and improving the materials
In the last step that was product revision, the materials were revised based on the opinions, suggestions, and feedback from evaluation result. The result of
the revision was the improvement of the materials. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
42
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
In this chapter, some important points referring to the research implementation are discussed in detail. The discussion includes research method,
research participants, research setting, research instruments, data gathering technique, data analysis technique, and research procedure.
A. Research Method
There were two main problems in this research as stated in problem formulation. Firstly, the study was conducted to find out how a set of English
supplementary reading materials using Strategies-Based Instruction for grade VIII students of SMP N 1 Mungkid is designed. Secondly, the research aimed at
presenting a set of English supplementary reading materials applying Strategies- Based Instruction for grade VIII students of SMP N 1 Mungkid. In order to solve
those main problems, the researcher employed Educational Research and Development R and D
method. According to Borg and Gall 1983:772, “…the Research and Development is a process used to develop and validate educational
products”. There was some information that had to be gathered before and after
designing the materials. In gathering the information in the field before and after designing the materials in this research, the researcher adapted the steps in R D
cycle. One step of R D in this research included one step or more steps of the PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
43 researcher‟s adapted design model. Considering the researcher‟s adapted
instructional design model, the adapted steps in R D cycle were:
1. Conducting Research and Collecting Information
According to R D Borg and Gal, 1983: 775, this step included review of literature, classroom observations, and preparation of report of state of the art.
In this step, the researcher collected information for two things as the following: a. The theories
The first was information about the theories related to this research or review of literature. In the review of literature, the researcher gathered the
information related to this research by doing library study. It was done to find theories and any information related to reading, the teaching of reading and
material development. b. The learners
The second was information about the learners. It was done by conducting a needs survey. In needs survey, questionnaire was distributed to the students of
grade VIII and interviews were conducted to English teachers. By doing the needs survey, the researcher could find the learners characteristics, motivation, needs,
and interest towards English especially reading skill as the basis to design the appropriate materials.
2. Planning
The second step, planning, according to R D, included defining skills, stating objectives, determining course sequence, and small scale feasibility
44 testing. Planning in this research consisted of stating instructional goals, topics
and general purposes, specifying objectives and listing subject contents. In this step, the researcher focused on determining what should be achieved by the
learners.
3. Developing Preliminary Form of Product
Continuing the previous step, according to R D, this step included preparation of instructional materials, handbooks, and evaluation devices. In this
step, the researcher selected the teaching-learning activities and the instructional resources.
4. Conducting Preliminary Field Test
According to R D, the product was field tested by doing interview, observation and distributing questionnaire. In this research, the researcher
conducted evaluation towards the designed materials by distributing questionnaire to English teachers.
5. Conducting Main Product Revision
Main Product revision is the last step conducted by the researcher in this research. In this step, the materials were revised based on the opinions,
suggestions, and feedbacks from the field test result. Figure 3.1 showed the correlation between the researcher‟s adapted
instructional design model and Educational Research and Development R D. The left side of the figure con
sists of the steps of the researcher‟s adapted instructional design model, whereas the right side consists of the researcher‟s
adapted steps of R D cycle. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
45
Figure 3.1 The Researcher’s Adapted Instructional Design Model
B. Research Participants
In conducting the survey in step 1 and step 4, there were two groups of participants as in the following:
1. Grade VIII Students of SMP N 1 Mungkid
In needs survey, questionnaire was distributed to grade VIII students of SMP N 1 Mungkid. It was aimed to find out their characteristics, interests,
motivation and needs in learning English.
2. English Teachers
English teachers of SMP N 1 Mungkid were interviewed as part of needs survey with the purpose of obtaining information about the English teaching and
Research and Information Collecting
Planning
Conducting Preliminary Field Test
Developing Preliminary
Form of Product
Conducting Main Product Revision
Subject Content Learning Objectives
TeachingLearning Activities and Resources
Evaluation
Revision Learner Characteristics
Goals, Topics, and General Purpose
46 learning process at SMP N 1 Mungkid and to know the expectation of the
materials. In the survey in step 4, the researcher distributed questionnaire to the English teachers of SMP N 1 Mungkid, English instructor of Lembaga Bahasa
Language Institute of Sanata Dharma University Yogyakarta and English teacher of Bunda Mulia School Jakarta in which they were asked to evaluate or
judge whether the designed materials were accepted or not and to give their opinions, suggestions, and feedback that were used as the consideration to revise
the materials.
C. Research Setting
In obtaining the learners‟ needs, the researcher conducted the research in SMP N 1 Mungkid. It was conducted on August 2008. Meanwhile, in order to
obtain the feedback of the designed materials, besides in SMP N 1 Mungkid, the researcher also conducted the research in Sanata Dharma University Yogyakarta
as one of the respondents was an English instructor of Lembaga Bahasa Sanata Dharma University Yogyakarta, and Bunda Mulia School Jakarta as one of the
respondents was an English teacher of Bunda Mulia School Jakarta. This evaluation survey was conducted on July-August 2009.
D. Research Instruments
This sub-chapter explains the instruments necessary to gather the data required to design the appropriate materials. The instruments chosen were
questionnaires and interview. Further explanation would be discussed as follows: PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
