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b. The Stages in Teaching Reading
There are three stages in teaching reading. The first stage is pre-reading activities. The second stage is whilst reading activities and the third stage is post
reading activities. 1 Pre-reading Activities
The activities used in pre-reading serve as preparation to read a text. Students are required to construct much meaning of the text before they reading it.
During pre-reading activities the teacher may: - prepare readers for linguistic features in the following text,
- prepare readers for conceptual or cultural difficulties, -
draw on readers‟ existing knowledge and views, Wallace, 1992: 86
- build a vocabulary base - establish a purposes for reading
- motivate the students to want to do the reading Durkin, 1987
As a result, the students will be able to read the text more fluently or even more independently. Pre-reading activities enable students to reduce their
dependent to the words on the text. They will also be able to minimize the disadvantages of having less proficiency than native speakers have in the
language. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
20 2 Whilst-reading Activities
Whilst reading activities or while reading activities are the main part of reading activities. These activities invite students to come into the content of the
text. In this part, students check their comprehension as they read. The students use all the new vocabulary and background information while they are reading.
Therefore, the teacher must make sure that the preparation in the pre-reading activities allows the students to read the entire material fluently.
Wal lace 1992: 93 says “Many while-reading tasks, with the aim of
encouraging active and reflective reading, attempt to promote the kind of dialogue between reader and writer. Different genres offer opportunities for different
activities of this kind.” Different genres mean different purpose for reading. Thus, the examples of different activities stated above can be when students are reading
for specific information, students need to ask themselves: have they obtained the information they were looking for? When reading for pleasure, students need to
ask themselves: do they understand the story well to enjoy the reading? 3 Post-reading Activities
Post-reading activities are evaluation of reading class activities. The activities may be done either orally or written. Post-reading activities in the form
of questions of evaluation and personal response connect information in the text to the outside world which consist of students own knowledge and experiences
Urquhart and Weir, 1998:187. Other activities in post-reading can be problem- PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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