33 materials were considered as able to improve the English proficiency of Grade XI
students of Fishery Study program. The study above has some similarities with this research in terms of the
approach used in developing the materials. The approach used in the study is scientific approach. Based on the relevant study above, the developed materials of
this research is expected to be able to help improve the learners‟ English proficiency, especially Grade
XI students‟ of Hotel Management department of SMK N 1 Sewon.
C. Conceptual Frame work
In developing the materials for Grade XI students of vocational high school, many factors playing important roles are needed to consider. Developing
materials for students of vocational high school is categorized as designing ESP English for Specific Purpose course and materials since the process involves the
needs analysis activities. Needs analysis is needed to collect information about the students in order to be able to develop appropriate materials that meet the
students‟ needs and interests. It comprises students‟ target needs and learning needs.
Based on Curriculum 2013, scientific approach is considered as the basic approach to be applied in the English language teaching and learning. Then, in
developing materials for Grade XI students of Hotel Management department, the characteristics of the instructional process of the steps of scientific approach will
be taken into consideration. They include focusing on developing students‟
communicative competence, engaging students to read and comprehend a text
34 then summarize and present it with their own language, training students and
familiarizes them to the process of creating systematic, logic, and effective texts through a series of tasks, providing students with the knowledge of the genres of
texts, and enabling students to express their opinions and knowledge with fluency and accuracy.
The materials that will be developed will comprise three units. Each unit will consist of several tasks that are developed according to the selected theme
and topic. Then, as the last step, the materials will be assessed whether it has met the requirements of good learning materials. In this case, the materials should
meet the criteria of good learning materials as proposed by Tomlinson 1998 which undergoes some modifications in order to fit the materials for vocational
high schools: Materials should achieve impact in terms of learning needs and target needs especially of students of Hotel Management department; materials
should help learners feel at ease; materials should help learners develop confidence as if they do jobs in a hotel in real situation; what is being taught
should be perceived by learners as relevant and useful for the hotel jobs they will do; materials should require and facilitate learner self- investment; materials
should prepare learners to acquire the points of being taught; materials should expose the learners to language in authentic use, especially ones related to the
hotel situation; t he learners‟ attention should be drawn to linguistic features of the
input; materials should provide the learners with opportunities to use the language and terms especially used in hotels to achieve communication purposes in both
oral and written; materials should take into account that the positive effects of
