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These two options are either a domesticating method explained by Schleiermacher as “an ethnocentric reduction of the foreign text to target-language cultural values,
bringing the author back home”, or foreignizing method explained as “ethnodeviant pressure on those values to register the linguistic and cultural
difference of the foreign text, sending the reader a broad” 1995: 20.
On the other hand, according to Venuti 1995: 21, domestication is a theory that recommends fluent translation by producing the illusion of
transparency and inscribing the foreign text with a partial interpretation. In other words, it can be stated as the adjustment or replacement of terms from the ST with
appropriate and acceptable terms in the TT, as Venuti says: …foreign text is rewritten in domestic dialects and discourses, registers
and styles, which results in the production of textual effects that signify only in the history of the domestic language and culture 2000: 471.
Although the foreign text is rewritten according to the domestic values, domestication still has limitation. In doing so, the different cultures should not
overlook the foreign culture. Preferably, the translation process should maintain the original message, not simply domesticating the elements.
4. Culture
a. Notions of culture
The process of translation cannot be separated from culture‟s matters. Some theorists have been defining the definition of culture. Newmark 1988: 94
states that “I define culture as the way of life and its manifestations that are peculiar to a community that uses a particular language as its means of
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expressions”. Therefore, culture is things which have rooted in the daily life of one community.
Vermeer in Christina Schä ffner‟s journal 2003: 92 states that “culture
[…] the open system of norms and conventions and their results which govern the behavior of whoever wants to be taken as a
member of a certain society.” Hence, the task to bridge the gap between two or more different cultures is
getting more complex since culture deals with common norms and conventions which can indicated the behaviour of someone who wants to be taken as a
member of a certain society. In the other hand, if there is cultural overlap between ST and TT, the translation process will get easier to be handled.
b. Culture-Related Terms
Reviewing from how culture has rooted in one community, culture-related terms should be carefully taken by the translator in order to make the target
readers appreciate the foreign culture and recognize the difference among the culture. Newmark states that:
Most „cultural‟ words are easy to detect, since they are associated with a particular language and cannot be literally translated, but many cultural
customs are described in ordinary language…, where literal translation would distort the meaning and a translation may include an appropriate
descriptive-functional equivalent 1988: 95.
Therefore, it can be said that culture-related words are particular words which are symbolized in the way how a particular group of people interacts and
communicates to each other which cannot be literally translated. If some terms are deeply rooted in their source culture, they will not have
equivalent terms in the target culture. As stated by Nida and Taber, “differences PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
