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examine the phenomenon of code switching done by non-native English teacher in SMKN 1 Jombang.
2.2 Theoretical Framework
2.2.1 Sociolinguistics
Sociolinguistics is inter-disciplinary study. It is the collaboration of sociology and linguistics. This study is concerned with the connection between linguistics and
sociology. Linguistics is the study of language or the use of language as the object of the study. Sociology is a study of humans in society, the societys existence,
and the social process in society. In summary, sociolinguistics is the inter- disciplinary study of language, language users, and society.
Some experts have their own interpretation of sociolinguistics, but the point of their interpretation is same. It is about language and society. Holmes
2001:1 stated, “Sociolinguistics concerned with the relationship between language and the context in whic
h it is used”. It means that people use different language style and different language choice when they are in different social
contexts. Along similar line, Spolsky 1998 stated that sociolinguistic is the study of language in relation to society, between the social structure and the language
use.
2.2.2 Bilingual and Multilingual Ability
Bilingual ability refers to the ability to speak more than one language or code. Furthermore, someone who can speak more than one language or code is called
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bilingual speaker. Bilingual people can be found all over the world. In Indonesia, most people are bilingual. Most of them understand their local language and
national language, even several of them understand the foreign language. Spolsky 1998:45 said, “The simplest definition of bilingual speaker is a person who has
some functional ability in a seco nd language”. In short, we can say that bilingual
ability is the ability to master two languages. Titone in Hammer and Blanc 2000 supports this definition. He stated that:
Bilingualism is the individual‟s capacity to speak a second language while following the concepts and structures of that
language rather than paraphrasing his or her mother tongue.
Titone in Hammer and Blanc, 2000 In addition to the concept of bilingual ability, the bilingual speaker refers
to a speaker who can use more than two languages. However, the term bilingual speaker is used commonly to include people who are actually more properly
identified as multilingual speaker Fishman in Jendra, 2010. The example of bilinguals came from Holmes 2001:32. In New Zealand, many Maori are
bilingual. They used both English and Maori. Maori used different code or language based on the situation where the conversation was taking place.
In addition, Bloomfield in Chaer 2004 also stated that bilingual ability is the ability to use two languages or codes. Both the first language and second
languagecode have the same level of fluency and capability. Lado in Chaer 2004:86 revised Bloomfield‟s definition about bilingual ability. He stated that
the speaker does not need to understand languages and code at the same level one language is better than other language. The speaker may use one language more
active than another one.
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2.2.3 Code
Kategori