information gathering is taking time to reflect on your own beliefs and to understand the nature and context of your general idea.
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So the preliminary study is useful to analyze if there is any unsatisfactory condition or what the
real condition of the students and teacher problems at the school is. Furthermore, the researcher can analyze and identify the problems faced by
the students in learning speaking that needed to be solved. In conducting the preliminary study, the writer carries out several
activities to find out the real condition of teaching speaking in the classroom, such as; observing the process of teaching learning speaking activities,
interviewing the English teachers, giving questionnaire to the students regarding of learning speaking English, and assigning the students to
rehearsing some expression of speaking skill pre-test in order to know their ability in communicating by using English during learning activities with their
real teacher. After carrying out the preliminary study, the writer goes on to the next
phase. That is beginning the first cycle of action which is done involving planning, acting, observing and reflecting. It is carried out in repeated cycle.
1. Planning the Action
After finding the real condition of speaking problem from the preliminary study, the writer and the teacher planned the intervention that
would be given to the students in the classroom. This session is very important part in the classroom action research because it formulates the
suitable action and activities in the research process. In order to solve the speaking problem, the writer is planning and
preparing several preparations for doing action as follows: a determining the teaching technique, b designing the lesson plan, c setting the criteria
of success, and d preparing the instrument. To make it clear the writer explains the activities in planning the action as following:
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Geoffrey E. Mills, Action Research: A Guide for the Teacher Researcher. 2
nd
ed, New Jersey: Merril Prentice Hall, 2003, p. 26.
a. Determining the Technique The researcher thought that the suitable technique to be applied in this
action research is Communication Games. It becomes the focus of this study to be prepared, to be analyzed, to be reflected, and to be used
again until it proves effective to solve the problems of students in learning speaking.
b. Designing the Lesson Plan The writer makes the lesson plan based on the school based curriculum
or KTSP related to the seventh grade for the second semester. It was developed on the basis of English syllabus which includes the
following items: 1 the instructional objectives, 2 instructional material and media, 3 the procedures in teaching-learning activities,
and 4 assessment. c. Setting the Criteria of Success
Criteria of success were set up to determine whether the action in the research was successfully completed or not. The criteria of success for
Classroom Action Research are derived from the classroom problems to be solved and the classroom goals to be achieved. Students’
academic achievement is one criteria of success. The minimum
mastery of criterion KKM considering English subject gains score
65. So this study is regarded successful if 1 70 of students attain
