3. Observing the Action
Observing is the process of collecting data indicating the success of the strategy in solving the classroom problems. The focus of the
observation is on the data related to the criteria of success that have been decided. It was used to explore the implementation of communication
games to improve speaking ability. In this phase, the observer uses observation notes for gathering the result of observation dealing with the
teacher performance, the students’ participation, the result of evaluation, the real situation and condition in classroom when implementation of the
action. At this observing stage, which aims to collect data, the researcher and the collaborator have to define the type of data to be collected, the data
sources, the instrument to collect the data, and the technique of data collecting.
4. Reflecting
In this phase, the researcher and the teacher analyze data to determine how far the data collected have shown the success of the
strategy in solving the problem. If there still be found some problems it need to goes on the next cycle with same. Then, they revised the lesson
plan to find out some weakness in the instructional activities that have been done. This reflection is aimed to improve the instructional activities
in the class and as a basis to formulate the lesson plan in the next cycle. Reflection is the process which is done by both teachers also the
writer. They are analyzing Reflection also shows what factors support the success of the strategy or what other problems may occur during the
implementation process. The discussion on data analysis is done under the reflection stage. The analysis of the result of observation is done by
comparing the data collected with the target or the criteria of success. The reflection stage is aimed at evaluating which criterion or target
of success has been achieved, which one has not been achieved, and what are the possible reasons that those targets are not achieved yet. The result
of the reflection is used to determine what part of the strategy needs
improvement. The strategy is examined to find out how maximum
improvement can possibly be made so that when implemented again all the targets of success can be achieved. The revised strategy planning is
then implemented again, the result is observed, and then reflected in the second cycle. The cycle is repeated until the implementation of the
strategy can achieve all the targeted criteria of success. Below is the brief explanation of what the writer does within these four phases in two cycles.
To solve the new problem, the researcher moves on to the next cycle until she gains success. We can see the cycles at the following figure
below:
Figure 3.2 Problem solving cycles activities of CAR modified by the writer
5
5
Supardi, Penelitian Tindak Kelas, Jakarta: Bumi Aksara, 2009, p. 177
Planning Revised
Planning
Reflecting Observing
Re-acting Acting
Re-Reflecting
Re-observing
Below is the brief explanation of what the writer does within implementing the Classroom Action Research:
Figure 3.3 Research Procedures of CAR
D. Data and Data Sources
Kategori