SIZE, DISTANCE, SHAPE, AND HABITAT CHARACTERISTICS IN KARIMUNJAWA ISLANDS

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II. SIZE, DISTANCE, SHAPE, AND HABITAT CHARACTERISTICS IN KARIMUNJAWA ISLANDS

Abstract The objective of the research was to analyze the characteristics of 12 islands in Karimunjawa Islands, particularly the zise of area, the distance from Java island and Karimunjawa Island, the shape, the vegetation diversity, and the habitat diversity. The research took place in 12 islands of Karimunjawa Islands, i.e. Island of Karimunjawa, Kemojan, Parang, Nyamuk, Menjangan Besar, Menjangan Kecil, Geleang, Kembar, Cemara Besar, Burung, Seruni and Genting. The research was conducted on June 2006, October 2006, and June 2007. One component to be obtained was habitat type on each island using land cover description or land cover classification by application of digital imaging analysis approach. Digital satellite data used in this study were Landsat-7 ETM + of the Karimunjawa Islands. Topographic map of the Islands of Karimunjawa scale of 1:25.000 were used as geometric reference. Distance was measured using measure menu, whereas area and shape were measured using extensions of habitatpatch analysis in the Arc View 3.3 program. The vegetation diversity was obtained using line strip sampling method. The result of area measurement of island using GIS showed that the island area ranged from 2.99 ha Burung Island to 3202 ha Karimunjawa Island. Measurement of distance of each island from Java Island based on GIS ranged from 70.74 to 106.02 km and from Karimunjawa ranged from 0.74 to 28.45 km. The shape of each island based on the assessed MSI Mean Shape Index showed that the simplest form of island with the MSI value of 1,1 is Kembar Island, whereas irregular shape is Burung Island with the MSI value of 1.24. Analysis of diversity index vegetation especially the tree levels at each habitat showed the higher value of mangrove diversity index was found in Nyamuk Island H’=1.89, and the lower value was found in Karimunjawa Island. At coastal forest habitat type, Burung Island has the highest index diversity H’=1.46, whereas Menjangan Kecil Island has the lowest diversity index H’=0.29. Karimunjawa Island has the higher diversity index H’=2.77 compared to Kemojan Island H’=1.89 in lowland forest habitat. Meanwhile, at the mix garden, the highest diversity index was found in Kemojan Island H’=1.09, and the lowest diversity index was found in Genting Island H’=0.51. On the residential areas, the highest diversity index was found in Parang Island H’=2.35, whereas the lowest index was found in Genting Island H’=0.25. Keywords: Karimunjawa Islands, area, shape, distance, habitat characteristics 9 10

II. LUAS, JARAK, BENTUK, DAN KARAKTERISTIK HABITAT DI KEPULAUAN KARIMUNJAWA