Benefits of Freewriting Freewriting

28 With the aim of conducting the research, the researcher uses the basic theory of writing, anxiety, writing anxiety, and freewriting. Since the study is related to writing, the basic theory of Hyland is used to identify the nature of writing and problems appeared in writing. Gupta’s theory is used by the researcher to support the problem in writing. The theory of writing anxiety is taken from Hwang’s 2009, Linnenbrick, and Huberty. The theory of writing anxiety is used to clarify the factors which influence writing anxiety. The basic theory of Hyland and Iswandari’s findings are used to clarify the factors which influenced students’ writing anxiety. Therefore, the theory of Hyland and Sawalha are used to be asked in the questionnaire to identify the factors which influence students writing anxiety. The theory of writing anxiety and freewriting are used to be the main theories for the questionnaire and interview. In order to answer the second research problem, the researcher provides the benefits of freewriting theory. The basic theory of Elbow, Casanave, and Langan are used to classify the benefits of freewriting. Therefore it is used to support the data gathered by the researcher. 29

CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY

In this chapter, the researcher describes the methodology of the research. Therefore, this chapter is divided into six parts, namely, research method, research setting, research participants, instruments, data gathering technique, data analysis technique and research procedure.

A. Research Method

The researcher used surveys to get sufficient data. According to Johnson Christensen, survey research is non-experimental research method based on questionnaire and interviews 2012. According to Ary, “Surveys permit the researcher to summarize the characteristics of different groups or to measure their attitudes and opinions toward some issue ” 2010, p. 28 . It means that the purpose of this survey is to collect the data from people’s opinion about specific issue. The researcher chose personal interview as part of the survey research in order to get the valid result of the questionnaire. The researcher collected the data by asking question in the form of questionnaire and interview to a group of people which as the sample. Gall and Borg mention that questionnaires and interviews can be used to collect the data about phenomena 2007. The questionnaire was used to answer the first research problem and second research problem, while the interview was used to support