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1. Research and information collecting
In order to answer the first problem formulation, the researcher reviewed the related literature as underlying theories to support this study. After that, the
researcher conducted observation to seven tour guides of Kalisuci Gunungkidul as the learners to find out the goals and suitable speaking topics while they were
guiding. Then, the researcher conducted needs analysis to identify learners ’
characteristics such as learners’ necessities, lacks, and wants by distributing
questionnaires to fifteen tour guides of Kalisuci Gunungkidul.
2. Planning
In planning step, the researcher determined the performance objectives such as made syllabus and lesson plans. Then, the researcher made suitable
speaking assessments. After that, the researcher made suitable task sequence in the designed materials.
3. Developing Preliminary Form of Product
In this step, the researcher developed the speaking materials based on the results of observing seven
tour guides’ activities while they were guiding and the results of conducting questionnaires to fifteen tour guides. The results of
observing and conducting questionnaire were to identify learners’ needs with
considering the theories of materials adaptation. The researcher also made a teacher’s guide to help the teacher in knowing what to do with the tasks and
learners.
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4. Conducting Preliminary Field Testing
After developing the designed materials, the researcher conducted preliminary field testing in order to evaluate the designed materials to gain
feedback and suggestions of the designed materials. The researcher distributed questionnaires to two English lecturers who are considered as the experts in
English language teaching and learning. The results of the questionnaire used as the consideration to revise the designed materials.
5. Revising the Product
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