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2. Questionnaire
According to Elliot 1991 “a questionnaire is a list of questions asking about people’s opinion” p. 82. Johnson and Christensen 2012 state that the
purpose of using questionnaire is to obtain information about the thought, attitudes, beliefs, values, perceptions, personality and behavioral intentions of
research participants p. 163. Thus, the questionnaires which were used in this study were
to collect learners’ opinion about their perceptions, beliefs, and personality towards the statements and questions.
There were two forms of questionnaire. They were closed form and open form questions. Best 1983 states that the closed form questionnaire provides the
answer of a “yes or no” answer, short response, or checking an item form a list of
suggested responses, while the open form questionnaire gave chance to the participants for giving their free response to the questions pp. 168-169. In this
study, the researcher used both closed form and open form questionnaires to obtain complete information in research and information collecting, preliminary
field testing, and in main field testing. The following points are the description about the three questionnaires.
a. Questionnaire for Research and Information Collecting
The questionnaire for research and information collecting was the first questionnaire and was utilized as needs analysis. The researcher used both closed
and open form questionnaire. The researcher distributed the questionnaire to the fifteen tour guides of Kalisuci Gunungkidul on January 21, 2014. The
questionnaires were distributed to find needs analysis of learners’ necessities,
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interests, lacks, and wants. The questionnaires were written in Indonesian language to avoid misunderstanding. The questionnaire for research and
information collecting can be seen in Appendix C.
b. Questionnaire for Preliminary Field Testing
The questionnaire for preliminary field testing
was the second
questionnaire and also known as expert s’ validation. The researcher distributed
the questionnaires to two lecturers at Sanata Dharma University on February 18, 2014. The questionnaires were distributed in order to obtain the feedback and
suggestions of the designed materials. The feedback is gained to revise the designed materials. The questionnaires were in closed form and open form for
collecting the data. The complete questionnaire of preliminary field testing can be seen in Appendix C.
c. Questionnaire for Main Field Testing
The questionnaire for main field testing was the third questionnaire and also known as learner
s’ evaluation. The researcher used both closed and open form questionnaire. The researcher distributed the questionnaire to the fifteen tour
guides of Kalisuci Gunungkidul who joined the speaking course on April 3, 2014. The questionnaires were distributed in order to check whether or not the designed
materials really helped the tour guides in increasing their speaking skills. The questionnaire of main field testing can be seen in Appendix C.
The whole process of data collecting in order to collect the related and relevant data for answering the research problem is presented in the following
table in Table 3.2 on the next page.
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Table 3.2 The Whole Process of Data Collecting Instruments
Participants Data Gathered
Time
Observation for research and
information collecting.
Seven tour guides of Kalisuci
Gunungkidul. Goals and Topics of
Speaking Materials.
January 19, 2014
Questionnaire 1: Questionnaire for
research and information
collecting. Fifteen tour
guides of Kalisuci Gunungkidul.
Learners’ characteristics,
learners’ necessities, learners’ interest,
learners’ wants, learners’ lacks in
English speaking related to their job.
January 21, 2014
Questionnaire 2: Questionnaire for
preliminary field testing.
Two English lecturers of
Sanata Dharma University
Yogyakarta. Evaluation and
suggestions of the designed materials.
February 18, 2014
Questionnaire 3: Questionnaire for
main field testing. Fifteen tour
guides of Kalisuci Gunungkidul.
Evaluation and suggestions of the
designed materials. April 3,
2014
E. Data Analysis Technique
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