The UUCP Daemons UUCP Commands, Daemons, and Related Issues

uux diff ahostexamplefile1 bhostbusrexamplefile2 ~examplefile.diff will get the file1 and file2 files from the systems ahost and bhost, execute the diff command, and put the results in the file file.diff in the local PUBDIRexample directory.

24.5.2 The UUCP Daemons

UUCP daemons present server programs involved in the execution of different UUCP jobs — they provide some of the required UUCP−related services. They are started on an as−needed basis, or by other programs. Most of the UUCP daemons live in the usrlibuucp directory: ls −C usrlibuucp Solaris 2.x Uutry uucico uudemon.crontab uuxqt b nuconvert uucleanup uudemon.hour remote.unknown uudemon.admin uudemon.poll uucheck uudemon.cleanup uusched We will discuss in more detail the following UUCP daemons: uucico, uuxqt, uusched, and uucpd. 24.5.2.1 The uucico Daemon uucico is the file transport daemon involved in transfers of UUCP work files; both discussed UUCP commands, uux and uucp, only spool jobs into the queue that should be transferred by this daemon. Depending on the UUCP version, this daemon could be started by the other daemon−scheduler, uusched, or manually — primarily for debugging purposes. The format of the command to start the daemon is: usrlibuucpuucico −options with the major options: −d spool−directory Define the directory spool−directory that contains UUCP work files to be transferred; the default directory is usrspooluucp. −i interface Define the interface used with uucico. This interface only affects slave mode. Known interfaces are UNIX default. −r role−number Specify the role that uucico should perform. A role−number is the digit 1 for a master mode, or 0 for a slave mode default. The master mode should be specified when uucico is started by another program or cron. −s system−name Specify the remote system system−name to try to contact; it is required when the role is master. −x debug−level Produce debugging output on the standard output. A debug−level is a number between 0 and 9; higher numbers give more detailed information. The 5, 7, and 9 are good numbers to try; they give increasing amounts of details. 607 uuxqt is the daemon involved in executing remote job requests from remote systems generated by the use of the uux command on remote hosts the mail program also uses uux for remote mail requests. The uuxqt daemon searches the spool directories looking for X. files. For each X. file, uuxqt checks to see if all required data files are available and accessible, and if the specified commands are permitted for the specified system. A corresponding configuration file is used to validate file accessibility and command execution permission primarily the file Permissions. The format of the command is: usrlibuucpuuxqt [ −ssystem−name ] [ −xdebug−level ] where the option: −ssystem−nameSpecifies the remote system name system−name. −xdebug−level Produces debugging output on the standard output. A debug−level is a number between 0 and 9; higher numbers give more detailed information. The 5, 7, and 9 are good numbers to try; they give increasing amounts of detail. There are two environment variables that must be set before the uuxqt command is executed: UU_MACHINE Machine that sends the job UU_USER User that sends the job The variables could be specified within the program that invokes the uuxqt daemon, or any other way. 24.5.2.3 The uusched Daemon The uusched daemon is the UUCP file transport scheduler; it is usually started indirectly by the cron facility literally it is started by another UUCP program uudemon.hour, that sets a needed environment for a successful execution of this daemon, and which is actually started by the cron. The format of the command is: usrlibuucpuusched [ −udebug−level ] [ −xdebug−level ] where the available options are only for debugging purposes; a debug−level is a number between 0 and 9; higher numbers give more detailed information: −udebug−level Specifies the debug level to be passed to the uucico program −xdebug−level Specifies the debug level for internal output messages An example of the needed cron entry on the Solaris platform, to start indirectly the uusched daemon is: 15,45 etcuucpuucpuudemon.hour Every half hour the program uudemon.hour is started; that invokes the uusched daemon. 608 The uucpd daemon supports a UUCP connection over the network. This daemon was developed and introduced later; originally, UUCP was based on the connections other than over the network. Obviously, UUCP had to be adapted to the emerging networking that has become a common way to communicate between computer systems. Sometimes, the daemon is named in.uucpd, like on the Solaris platform. uucpd is invoked by the super server inetd, when a UUCP connection is established via the corresponding well−known UUCP port. The corresponding inetd configuration entry HP−UX 10.20: cat etcinetd.conf | grep uucp uucp stream tcp nowait root usrsbinuucpd uucpd This entry is usually commented out; to activate the uucpd daemon the line must be uncommented and the inetd server recycled. The corresponding UUCP−related port is: cat etcservisces | grep uucp uucp 540tcp uucpd uucp daemon Once invoked, the uucpd daemon prompts for login, requesting the uucico process at the other end the daemon at the remote host that started connection to supply a username and password.

24.5.3 The UUCP Spool Directories and Files