4 filled up with comical elements in the form of verbal humor as well as non-verbal
humor, which provides the researcher with sufficient and suitable data of verbal humor required to conduct the study. Meanwhile, the researcher attempts to
observe the transmission of the verbal humorous elements of this movie whether they are well-rendered into Bahasa Indonesia using the General Theory of Verbal
Humor framework for humor translation.
B. Research Problems
This study poses two problems. They are formulated as follows: 1.
What types of verbal humor are used in the animated movie Ice Age 3: Dawn of the Dinosaurs?
2. Is the verbal humor consistently translated into Bahasa Indonesia?
C. Problem Limitation
This research focuses on the verbally expressed humor employed in Ice Age 3: Dawn of the Dinosaurs. Then the verbal humor found in the film subtitle
will be classified into several categories based on the typology of verbal humor by Shade 1997. Another focus of the study is to determine the successfulness of the
verbal humor, not other kinds of humor, transmission to Bahasa Indonesia subtitle for Ice Age 3: Dawn of the Dinosaurs.
D. Research Objectives
The objectives appointed for this research are: 1.
To find out the types of verbal humor which are involved in the movie subtitles.
5 2.
To determine whether the verbal humor used in the movie consistently translated into Bahasa Indonesia.
E. Research Benefits
The researcher hopes that this study will: 1.
Provide readers with valuable information and framework about verbal humor translation.
2. Aid further studies concerning the same or corresponding topic about
verbal humor and translation. 3.
Assist translators by making use of the General Theory of Verbal Humor to measure the difference in meaning and humorous effect of the original
humor script and the translated version. 4.
Help movies subtitlers, with the findings, to provide better scripts translation for the movies viewers, particularly in translating verbal
humor.
F. Definition of Terms
1. Translation
Hatim and Munday 2004 state that translation has two senses. They see that translation is a process, or can be understood as a product. Viewed as a
process, translation means the activity of a translator taking an original or a Source Text ST and turns it into another language text or Target Text TT. The
target text is adjusted to the audiences that speak a language other than English. In the sense of product, Hatim and Munday 2004 write that translators produce the
6 concrete written translation product and functions in the socio-cultural context in
the target language. In the scope of this thesis, both senses of translation have the relevance to
the study. In this study, translation is viewed as a process of changing the original movie dialog to another language. This process takes place in order to make the
verbal message of the movie is comprehensible to the target language recipients. The product of the translation process is in form of subtitle, which is included in
movie screen. Spanakaki 2007 defines subtitles or captions as the textual versions of
dialog spoken in movies and television programs, generally located in the bottom of the screen. In this research, subtitle means the translated version of a movie
original dialog into the target language. Subtitles are in the form of translation of the dialog, or the transcription of the dialog with the same language. Subtitles
assist the audiences who are not able to understand the spoken language of the dialog. A person who produces movie subtitles is often called a subtitler.
2. Verbal Humor
Spanakaki 2007 states that the major definition for humor is whatever evokes laughter or felt to be funny. Humor is whatever is intended to be funny,
even if it might not always be perceived or interpreted as such. Shade 1996 classifies humor into four major categories, figural humor, verbal humor, visual
humor, and auditory humor. Shade 1996 defines verbal humor, which is the focus of this study, as a form of humor which includes the use of language. Verbal
7 humor is presented by involving incongruity as the source of laughter. Shade
1996 writes that verbal humor consists of jokes, puns, riddles, satire, parody, irony, wit, limerick, anecdote, farce, sarcasm, and tall tales. In this research,
verbal humor can be found in the movie dialog. They are uttered by the characters playing in the movie. The movie characters induce laughter by expressing
incongruity through the use of verbal language.
3. Ice Age 3: Dawn of the Dinosaurs
The researcher sets this title as the object of the study. The movie Ice Age 3: Dawn of the Dinosaurs 2009 is the third sequel of the Ice Age humor
movie series, following after two preceding titles, Ice Age 2002 and Ice Age 2: The Meltdown. Sets time in the ice age, this movie gains critical acclaim as one of
successful humorous releases. It is a hilarious story of a gang of prehistoric animals who are being taken and venturing into the land of dinosaurs. This film
stars Manny the giant mammoth, Ellie the pregnant mammoth, Sid the sloth, Diego the tiger, Crash and Eddie the squirrel duo.
8
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
